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Table 2 Final mixed model covariates and model fits for summer morning PM 2.5 and PM 10

From: Understanding intra-neighborhood patterns in PM2.5 and PM10 using mobile monitoring in Braddock, PA

  

Mixed model

Summer Morning PM2.5 (μg/m3)

Covariates

β (SE)

p-value

Seq R2*

 

Intercept

102.63 (16.364)

<.0001

--

 

Temperature (°F)

−1.99 (0.297)

<.0001

0.15

 

Wind speed (mph)

21.83 (2.120)

<.0001

0.27

 

Wind Direction (blowing from):

 

<.0001

0.58

 

W

23.885 (3.435)

<.0001

--

 

S

158.33 (12.284)

<.0001

--

 

SW

109.09 (5.199)

<.0001

--

 

SE

8.406 (3.154)

0.0080

--

 

N

−48.763 (12.322)

<.0001

--

 

NE

−115.40 (11.904)

<.0001

--

 

E

0

--

--

 

Distance to mill (m)

−0.00145 (.00034)

<.0001

0.59

 

Wind speed x Wind direction**:

--

<.0001

0.74

 

N

−39.674 (3.112)

<.0001

--

 

S

6.264 (2.625)

0.0176

--

Summer Morning PM10 (μg/m3)

Intercept

−37.949 (8.932)

0.0066

--

 

Wind speed (mph)

23.896 (2.683)

<.0001

0.17

 

Wind Direction (blowing from):

 

<.0001

0.46

 

W

32.833 (5.476)

<.0001

--

 

S

110.52 (10.786)

<.0001

--

 

SW

80.831 (5.590)

<.0001

--

 

SE

2.866 (4.377)

0.5130

--

 

N

−29.902 (8.534)

<.0001

--

 

NE

−135.66 (16.140)

<.0001

--

 

E

0

--

--

 

Distance to mill (m)

−0.0022 (.0005)

<.0001

0.48

 

Inversion presence

13.634 (2.960)

<.0001

0.53

 

Wind speed x Wind direction**:

--

<.0001

0.64

 

N

−30.397 (2.960)

<.0001

--

  1. *Seq R2 is the sequential model fit for each additional term incorporated into model.
  2. **Only significant effects shown in wind speed x wind direction interaction.
  3. ***t-tests for coefficients of the model and the F-test p-values were all <0.001, and the Durbin-Watson test found no collinearity.