Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of children by blood lead concentration
From: Blood Lead Concentrations in 1–3 Year Old Lebanese Children: A Cross-sectional study
Blood lead concentration (μg/L) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
<100 (N = 242) n(%) | > = 100 (N = 39) n(%) | Total (N = 281) n(%) | P-value | |
Blood lead concentration (μg/L) | ||||
< 50 | 59 (24.4) | – | 59 (21.0) | |
50 – 99 | 183 (75.6) | – | 183 (65.1) | |
100 – 149 | – | 36 (92.3) | 36 (12.8) | |
159 – 199 | – | 3 (7.7) | 3 (1.1) | |
Mean B-Pb (Range) | 58.3 (10 – 90) | 113.8 (100 – 160) | 66.0 (10 – 160) | |
Age (months) | ||||
11 – 23 | 125 (51.7) | 17 (43.6) | 142 (50.5) | 0.35 |
24 – 44 | 117 (48.3) | 22 (56.4) | 139 (49.5) | |
Mean age (SD) | 22.9 (8.6) | 24.8 (8.7) | 23.1 (8.6) | 0.19 |
Gender | ||||
Males | 127(52.5) | 21(53.8) | 148 (52.7) | 0.87 |
Type of clinic | ||||
Outpatient | 170 (70.8) | 33 (84.6) | 203 (72.8) | 0.07 |
Private | 70 (29.2) | 6 (15.4) | 76 (27.2) | |
Mother's Education | ||||
Up to middle school | 107 (44.4) | 27(69.2) | 134(47.9) | 0.004 |
Secondary and above | 134 (55.6) | 12(30.8) | 146(52.1) | |
Father's Education | ||||
Up to middle school | 109(45.6) | 29(74.4) | 138(49.6) | 0.001 |
Secondary and above | 130(54.4) | 10(25.6) | 140 (50.4) | |
Mother's work | ||||
Housewife | 200 (82.6) | 34 (87.2) | 234 (83.3) | 0.009 |
Non-manual | 39 (16.1) | 2 (5.1) | 41 (14.6) | |
Manual | 3 (1.2) | 3 (7.7) | 6 (2.1) | |
Father's work | ||||
Non-manual* | 137(56.8) | 9 (23.1) | 146(52.1) | 0.001 |
Manual | 104(43.2) | 30(76.9) | 134(47.9) | |
Number of siblings | ||||
0 | 81(33.5) | 12(30.8) | 93(33.1) | 0.84 |
1–2 | 118(48.8) | 21(53.8) | 139(49.5) | |
>= 3 | 43(17.8) | 6(15.4) | 49(17.4) | |
Family monthly income (US $) | ||||
< 200 | 11 (4.5) | 5 (12.8) | 16 (5.7) | 0.004 |
200 – 499 | 99 (40.9) | 17 (43.6) | 116 (41.3) | |
500 – 999 | 71 (29.3) | 16(41.0) | 87(31.0) | |
>= 1000 | 61 (25.2) | 1 (2.6) | 62 (22.1) | |