Policy | CO2 | Air pollution | Health | Wellbeing | Financial wellbeing | Cities (in brackets if policy not included in full scenario) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ENERGY | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Domestic | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
In-home biomass heating | ++ | -- | -- | -- (indoor air) | -- | Stuttgart, Thessaloniki, Kuopio, Basel |
Local fuel mix:oil/wood to gas/electric | Â | Â | ++ | Â | Â | Thessaloniki |
Solar/wind | ++ | + | + | Â | Â | (Kuopio) |
Waste heat from industry | Â | + | + | Â | Â | (Rotterdam) |
Power generation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Local fuel mix: oil/wood to gas/electric | Â | Â | ++ | Â | Â | Thessaloniki |
Local power plant: peat/oil to wood | ++ | + | + | Â | Â | Kuopio |
Geothermal | Less than above | Â | Â | Â | Â | (Kuopio) |
Improve translational efficiencies | ++ | Â | Â | Â | Â | (Suzhou) |
Industry | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Reduce energy intense industry | Only if industry not moved elsewhere | Â | Â | + (job satisfaction) | -- | (Suzhou) |
Cleaner technology |  | ++ |  |  |  | Rotterdam, Suzhou, Xi’an, Basel |
Carbon capture and storage | Â | Â | Â | Â | -- | (Rotterdam) |
BUILDINGS | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Building renovation to improve energy efficiency | Sometimes outpaced by growth of new buildings | Depends on ventilation, second hand smoke (SHS), domestic heating source | Depends on ventilation, SHS, domestic heating source | Warmth helpful but depends on ventilation | ++ | Kuopio, Basel, Thessaloniki (Rotterdam) |
Building isolation | Â | + | Â | Â | Â | (Rotterdam) |
Discourage air conditioning | Â | Â | Â | - | Â | (Suzhou) |
Increase access to greenspace | Â | Â | Â | += | Â | (Kuopio) (Suzhou) |
TRANSPORT | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Promote cars with lower emissions | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Increase electric cars | Depends on source of electricity | =++ | ++ | ++ noise | ++ | Rotterdam, Suzhou, Xi’an, Basel, Thessaloniki (Kuopio) |
Promote diesel | Â | ++ (if emissions controlled) | ++ | Â | Â | Thessaloniki |
Car emissions change to Euro 6 | ++ but does not reduce overall emissions due to car fleet growth | ++ | ++ |  |  | Rotterdam, Suzhou, Xi’an, Basel, |
Biofuels | ++ but emissions from growth/transport not calculated | Â | Â | Â | Â | Kuopio |
Encourage alternative transport models | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Light rail more frequent throughout the day | + | + | Â | Â | Â | Stuttgart |
New metro | ++ | Â | Â | +noise | Â | Thessaloniki |
Improved cycling network | + | + | + | +health | Â | Stuttgart, Basel (Rotterdam)(Suzhou) |
Discourage car use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Congestion charge | ++ | + | Â | Â | Â | Stuttgart |
Parking management | ++ | + | Â | = | Â | Stuttgart (Kuopio) |
Traffic reduction -general | ++ | + | =+ | =+ |  | Rotterdam, Suzhou, Xi’an, Basel, Stuttgart |