Etiologies | Characteristics |
---|---|
Genetics: [11]  - Chromosomal abnormality  - Genetic mutations | - Monosomy X and mosaicism: Turner syndrome, triploid syndrome, partial deletion and X translocation - X chromosomes: FMR1 premutation: Fragile X syndrome - Other chromosomes: FOX L2 (blepharophimosis, ptosis), FSHR, NOBOX, GALT, SF1, GDF1, etc. |
Iatrogenic: [12] | - Pelvic, ovarian surgery - Chemotherapy: alkylating agents ++, etc. - Radiotherapy |
Autoimmune disease: [13] | - Isolated - Associated: hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes, Addison’s disease, myasthenia, lupus, etc. |
Metabolic: [14] | - Congenital galactosemia - 17-hydroxylase deficiency |
- HIV infection - Mumps |