The effect of high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on biological aging indicators

Table 3 SEM results of mediation analysis for TL

	Endogenous variables	Exogenous variables	Beta Coef.	95%CI		p-value
	Endogenous variables	Exogenous variables	Beta Coef.	Lower	Upper	p-value
Structural Equations	TL	Occup_PAHs	−0.002	−0.003	−0.001	0.000
		Environ_PAHs	−3.783	−7.928	0.363	0.074
		nDNA_changes	0.008	−0.04	0.04	0.966
	nDNA_changes	Occup_PAHs	0.021	0.002	0.040	0.040
	nDNA_changes	Environ_PAHs	19.69	12.16	27.23	0.000
Measurement	Diet ← Environ_PAHs		1	(constrained)
	Indoor ← Environ_PAHs		7.608	5.466	9.750	0.000
	Outdoor ← Environ_PAHs		11.78	7.098	16.47	0.000
	Home ← Environ_PAHs		12.09	−1.024	25.20	0.071
	MN← nDNA_changes		1	(constrained)
	Anti-BPDE-DNA adducts ← nDNA_changes		1.829	1.429	2.229	0.000
	LINE-1 (%mC) ←nDNA_changes		1.417	1.405	1.429	0.000
	p53 (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		−2.519	−2.624	−2.414	0.000
	Alu (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		0.235	0.208	0.261	0.000
	HICI (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		−0.915	−1.133	−0.697	0.000
	IL-6 (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		1.572	0.824	2.320	0.000
	p16 (%mC) ← nDNA_changes		-0.052	-0.057	-0.048	0.000
	GSTM1 ← nDNA_changes		0.016	-0.031	0.063	0.504
Covariances	cov(Occup_PAHs,Environ_PAHs)		0.122	-0.463	0.706	0.683

Three groups of (structural equations, measurement and covariances) for the mediation analysis; standardized beta coefficients (with “minus” sign indicating inverse relationship) with lower and upper limit of 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and p-values. Standard Error adjusted for 2 clusters (coke-oven workers and controls). Number of observations = 87
Abbreviations: TL Telomere length, Chronic_d Chronic diseases, nDNA_changes Latent variable estimated by SEM (overall change of DNA) based on MN, Anti-BPDE-DNA adducts, LINE-1, p53, Alu, HICI, IL-6, p16, GSTM1, Environ_PAHs Latent variable estimated by SEM (environmental exposure to PAHs) based on diet, features ofhome, indoor and outdoor activities, MN Micronuclei, PAHs Exposure to Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Occup_PAHs (years of work in the cokery) × (1-pyrenol in μmoles/mol creatinine)
Goodness of fit statistics: Standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) = 0.092; Coefficient of determination (CD) = 0.914; Stability index = 0 (SEM satisfies stability condition)

ISSN: 1476-069X