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Table 2 Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for low birth weight by pollution exposure

From: Maternal exposure to low-level air pollution and pregnancy outcomes: a population-based study

Exposure

Crude odds ratio

Adjusted* odds ratio

Adjusted† odds ratio

 

OR (95%CI)

OR (95%CI)

OR (95%CI)

Formaldehyde Categorical variable (tertiles)

1 (reference)

   

2

1.27 (0.82–1.95)

1.86 (1.10–3.16)

2.15 (0.96–4.81)

3

1.39 (0.91–2.12)

1.84 (1.12–3.03)

2.09 (1.03–4.26)

Continuous variable (per 5 μg/m3 increase in concentration)

 

1.07 (0.74–1.53)

1.10 (0.75–1.64)

1.36 (0.75–2.47)

Nitrogen dioxide Categorical variable (tertiles)

1 (reference)

   

2

0.95 (0.61–1.47)

1.11 (0.70–1.77)

0.96 (0.47–1.96)

3

1.37 (0.91–2.07)

1.64 (1.04–2.58)

1.54 (0.80–2.96)

Continuous variable (per 10 μg/m3 increase in concentration)

 

1.15 (0.97–1.36)

1.23 (1.02–1.48)

1.28 (0.97–1.68)

  1. * Adjusted for parity, maternal age (≤ 19, 20–29, 30–34, ≥ 35), marital status, education, season of birth, maternal and paternal smoking † As above plus gestational age