| |
Males(n = 944)
|
Females(n = 1118)
|
|---|
| |
Distance of residence to main road
|
Distance of residence to main road
|
|---|
| |
<100 m
|
100-250 m
|
250-800 m
|
<100 m
|
100-250 m
|
250-800 m
|
|---|
| |
n = 263M
|
n = 279
|
n = 402
|
n = 322
|
n = 332
|
n = 464
|
|---|
| |
%
|
%
|
%
|
%
|
%
|
%
|
|---|
|
Age (years)
| | | | | | |
|
8-24
|
19.4
|
22.6
|
19.7
|
13.4*
|
16.9
|
18.1
|
|
25-64
|
56.7
|
60.9
|
58.7
|
55.5
|
61.4
|
58.0
|
|
65-97
|
19.9
|
16.5
|
21.6
|
31.1
|
21.7
|
23.9
|
|
Smoking habits
| | | | | | |
|
smokers
|
27.3
|
26.9
|
30.6
|
17.7
|
17.5
|
16.6
|
|
ex-smokers
|
43.4
|
39.8
|
39.3
|
17.7
|
16.2
|
16.6
|
|
non-smokers
|
29.3
|
33.3
|
30.1
|
64.6
|
66.3
|
66.8
|
|
Passive smoking exposure
| | | | | | |
|
yes
|
59.1
|
57.7
|
58.2
|
43.2 #
|
49.1
|
51.3
|
|
no
|
40.9
|
42.3
|
41.8
|
56.8
|
50.9
|
48.7
|
|
Educational level
| | | | | | |
|
low
|
41.1
|
45.2
|
42.3
|
65.5 #
|
57.8
|
56.9
|
|
medium
|
30.4
|
31.9
|
30.1
|
14.6
|
21.4
|
22.6
|
|
high
|
28.5
|
22.9
|
27.6
|
19.9
|
20.8
|
20.5
|
|
Work position
| | | | | | |
|
manager/white collar
|
13.7
|
17.9
|
19.2
|
8.9 *
|
16.7
|
13.7
|
|
blue collar/farmer
|
19.5
|
19.7
|
20.3
|
10.1
|
6.1
|
8.7
|
|
merchant/craftsman
|
17.6
|
15.4
|
12.0
|
9.5
|
6.4
|
8.7
|
|
unemployed
|
49.2
|
47.0
|
48.5
|
71.5
|
70.8
|
68.9
|
|
Occupational exposure
| | | | | | |
|
yes
|
57.0
|
59.5
|
57.7
|
26.4 #
|
25.9
|
32.3
|
|
no
|
43.0
|
40.5
|
42.3
|
73.6
|
74.1
|
67.7
|
|
Number of hours at home
| | | | | | |
|
≥ 15 h
|
41.1
|
37.6
|
39.3
|
74.2
|
71.1
|
69.8
|
|
< 15 h
|
58.9
|
62.4
|
60.7
|
25.8
|
28.9
|
30.2
|
|
Time of residence
| | | | | | |
|
< 5 years
|
14.2
|
10.8
|
11.0
|
11.6
|
8.1
|
11.2
|
|
≥ 5 years
|
85.8
|
89.2
|
89.0
|
88.4
|
91.9
|
88.8
|
|
Type of self-reported environmental contamination
| | | | | | |
|
traffic
|
92.4***
|
65.2
|
75.2
|
93.6 ***
|
74.8
|
78.5
|
|
other
|
7.6
|
34.8
|
24.8
|
6.4
|
25.2
|
21.5
|
- *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, # 0.05 < p < 0.1 (borderline) from Pearson chi-square test; comparison between subjects living at different distances from the main road, separately in males and in females
