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Table 4 Associations between heavy metals concentration and hospitalization for specific causes in the cohort of residents in the area of Coriano (Italy) by cause (ICD-9) and gender.

From: Mortality and morbidity among people living close to incinerators: a cohort study based on dispersion modeling for exposure assessment

 

Heavy metals†

Men

Women

Cause (ICD-9)

 

obs§

RR§§

95% CI

obs§

RR§§

95% CI

Acute Myocardic Infarction (AMI; 410) ‡

I

40

1.00

-

-

13

1.00

-

-

 

II

29

0.76

0.44

1.30

15

1.08

0.48

2.41

 

III

33

0.84

0.53

1.33

12

0.96

0.44

2.10

 

IV

36

0.81

0.51

1.28

16

1.40

0.66

2.98

Chronic heart failure (CHF; 428.0, 428.2, 428.9) ‡

I

30

1.00

-

-

27

1.00

-

-

 

II

55

2.03*

1.25

3.29

24

1.04

0.58

1.87

 

III

32

1.07

0.65

1.76

28

1.05

0.62

1.78

 

IV

26

0.78

0.46

1.33

38

1.48

0.90

2.46

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 490-496; esc. 493) ‡

I

28

1.00

-

-

31

1.00

-

-

 

II

39

1.46

0.85

2.50

24

0.69

0.38

1.27

 

III

39

1.41

0.87

2.29

26

0.87

0.51

1.46

 

IV

45

1.43

0.89

2.31

18

0.63

0.35

1.14

Acute Respiratory Diseases (460-466; 480-487)

I

67

1.00

-

-

70

1.00

-

-

 

II

73

0.98

0.67

1.42

65

0.83

0.56

1.22

 

III

80

1.18

0.86

1.64

63

0.91

0.65

1.28

 

IV

63

0.89

0.63

1.27

90

1.29

0.94

1.78

Asthma (493) ‡

I

6

1.00

-

-

10

1.00

-

-

 

II

5

1.15

0.33

4.09

3

0.50

0.14

1.86

 

III

1

0.19

0.02

1.58

5

0.59

0.20

1.74

 

IV

6

1.16

0.36

3.71

9

1.01

0.40

2.55

  1. * p-value < 0.05; † Categories of heavy metals: I (reference) <0.5 ng/m3; II 0.5-1 ng/m3; III 1-2 ng/m3 ; IV >2 ng/m3; § Observed cases; §§ Rate Ratios vs reference category, adjusted by age and socioeconomic status; ‡ Analyses for AMI, CHF and COPD was restricted to 35-74 year olds; analysis for asthma was restricted to 0-64 year olds. Period: 1999-2003