From: Personal endotoxin exposure in a panel study of school children with asthma
Household and subject characteristics | N or Mean (min-max) | Adjusted coefficient (95% CI)1,2 |
---|---|---|
Number of dogs | 1.31 (0 - 4) | 1.96 (1.43, 2.68)# |
Residence of dogs | ||
No dogs | 14 | 1.00 (referent) |
Often Indoors | 8 | 1.20 (0.38, 3.78) |
Occas. Indoors | 12 | 4.30 (1.50, 12.27)# |
Outdoor Only | 11 | 2.41 (0.77, 7.55) |
Number of cats | 0.69 (0 - 5) | 1.61 (1.19, 2.18)# |
Residence of cats | ||
No cats | 31 | 1.00 (referent) |
Often Indoors | 10 | 2.99 (1.14, 7.89)** |
Occas. Indoors | 2 | 3.56 (0.53, 23.79) |
Outdoor Only | 2 | 2.51 (0.36, 17.57) |
Number of residents | 4.75 (2 - 7) | 1.27 (0.97, 1.65)* |
Carpeting | ||
< 50% | 19 | 1.00 (referent) |
≥ 50% | 26 | 0.55 (0.22, 1.37) |
Age of carpeting | ||
< median years | 21 | 1.00 (referent) |
≥ median years | 18 | 1.95 (0.78, 4.86) |
Frequency of carpet cleaning | ||
Never/don't know | 11 | 1.00 (referent) |
Every 3 years or more | 3 | 0.31 (0.05, 1.90) |
More than every 3 years | 28 | 0.89 (0.31, 2.53) |
Remove shoes in house | ||
No | 41 | 1.00 (referent) |
Yes, frequent exceptions | 2 | 0.56 (0.08, 4.15) |
Yes, few or no exceptions | 2 | 0.61 (0.08, 4.70) |
Cockroaches in the home | ||
No | 29 | 1.00 (referent) |
Yes | 16 | 1.54 (0.66, 3.58) |
Rodents or droppings | ||
No | 39 | 1.00 (referent) |
Yes | 6 | 0.48 (0.15, 1.55) |
Flooding damage | ||
No | 28 | 1.00 (referent) |
Yes | 17 | 4.48 (1.96, 10.26)# |
Mold/mildew on surfaces | ||
No | 12 | 1.00 (referent) |
Yes | 33 | 1.34 (0.51, 3.54) |
Livestock | ||
No | 43 | 1.00 (referent) |
Yes | 2 | 0.45 (0.06, 3.44) |
Central air-conditioning | ||
No | 7 | 1.00 (referent) |
Yes | 38 | 0.55 (0.17, 1.81) |
Sex | ||
Female | 15 | 1.00 (referent) |
Male | 30 | 0.43 (0.19, 0.99)** |
Age | ||
13-18 years | 31 | 1.00 (referent) |
9-12 years | 14 | 1.18 (0.48, 2.90) |
Race | ||
White non-Hispanic | 14 | 1.00 (referent) |
Hispanic | 23 | 0.39 (0.15, 1.05)* |
Black | 8 | 0.77 (0.22, 2.68) |
Mothers education | ||
More than high school | 31 | 1.00 (referent) |
High school or less | 14 | 1.23 (0.51, 2.97) |
Family income | ||
>50,000 | 21 | 1.00 (referent) |
30,000-50,000 | 11 | 1.96 (0.63, 6.11) |
Up to $30,000 | 13 | 0.61 (0.24, 1.58) |