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Table 1 Percent1 distribution of study population characteristics, overall and among those with highest quartile of exposure, by race/ethnicity

From: Exposures to fine particulate air pollution and respiratory outcomes in adults using two national datasets: a cross-sectional study

 

All2

Hispanic

Non-Hispanic Black

Non-Hispanic White

 

N = 109,485, 100%

N = 16,942, 10.5%1

N = 14,351, 10.7%1

73,495, 73.9%1

Health outcome

Percent1

Percent1

Percent1

Percent1

   Reported asthma attack in the last year

3.7

3.0

4.1

3.8

   Still has asthma

7.0

5.1

8.0

7.1

   Asthma ER visit in the last year

1.0

1.2

1.9

0.8

   Sinusitis in the last year

14.7

8.6

14.4

16.0

   Chronic bronchitis in the last year

4.3

2.7

4.4

4.6

High PM2.5 exposure

    

   Top quartile

23.3

30.4

28.5

21.4

Sex

    

   Female

52.6

50.7

56.3

52.4

Age group

    

   18 to 30

22.1

32.1

26.1

19.6

   31 to 40

19.1

25.1

21.0

17.8

   41 to 50

20.7

18.7

21.7

20.9

   51 to 60

16.0

11.2

14.3

17.1

   61+

22.0

12.9

16.8

24.6

BMI classification

    

   Normal

39.2

32.8

29.8

40.3

   Overweight

34.3

37.6

33.9

34.4

   Obese

26.5

29.7

36.3

25.3

Smoking status

    

   Current smoker

20.3

15.7

20.2

21.2

   Former smoker

22.8

14.5

14.8

25.7

   Never smoker

56.8

69.8

65.0

53.1

Exercise

    

   None

35.6

47.8

45.9

32.6

   Some

64.4

52.3

54.1

67.4

Education

    

   Less than 12 years of education

13.2

36.3

17.6

9.4

   12 or more years of education

86.8

63.7

82.4

90.6

Urbanicity3

    

   Large central metro

27.0

52.8

42.8

20.2

   Large fringe metro

24.9

17.9

21.7

26.3

   Medium metro

21.4

17.0

17.6

22.6

   Small metro

10.1

5.5

6.3

11.6

   Less urban

16.7

6.8

11.6

19.3

Percent poverty ratio

    

   Less than 100%

10.7

20.5

20.3

7.7

   100- < 200%

16.8

27.3

22.1

14.5

   200- < 400%

31.4

31.0

31.0

31.8

   400% or greater

41.1

21.3

26.6

46.0

Health Insurance

    

   Private

76.0

55.2

62.6

81.0

   Medicaid

7.5

15.4

16.0

5.0

   Other

8.0

6.7

10.3

8.0

   Uninsured

8.5

22.8

11.1

6.0

  1. 1All percents estimated using survey weights
  2. 2Includes adults who reported other race/ethnicity groups
  3. 3Described in text