Perceived annoyance from environmental odors and association with atmospheric ammonia levels in non-urban residential communities: a cross-sectional study

Table 4 Leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) of the exposure-response model

Validation region	Measured annoyance prevalence^[a]	LOOCV from NH₃ measurements^[b]			LOOCV from NH₃ estimations^[c]
Validation region	Measured annoyance prevalence^[a]	Predicted annoyance prevalence	Absolute error	Relative error,%	Predicted annoyance prevalence	Absolute error	Relative error,%
I	0	0.04	0.04	-	0.01	0.01	-
II	0.34	0.33	−0.02	−5.1	0.27	−0.07	−20
III	0.27	0.28	0.01	3.3	0.25	−0.02	−6.9
IV	0.53	0.56	0.03	5.1	0.42	−0.11	−20
V	0.68	0.65	−0.03	−4.5	0.56	−0.12	−18

^[a] Expressed as the proportion of respondents annoyed by odors at each validation region, as obtained from questionnaire responses.
^[b] R² > 0.99 and p-value < 0.05 in all models.
^[c] R² > 0.93 and p-value < 0.05 in all models.

ISSN: 1476-069X