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Table 1 Description of the HITEA project participants, not included and included in the study

From: Early life microbial exposure and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in school-age children: a prospective birth cohort study

   

LISA

PIAMA

INMA

   

Not included

Included

Not included

Included

Not included

Included

   

n = 213

n = 182

n = 309

n = 244

n = 126

n = 355

Population characteristics

      
 

Sex (female): n(%)

104 (48.8)

76 (41.8)

139 (45)

127 (52.1)

57 (45.2)

177 (49.9)

 

Age at FeNO measurement (years): mean (sd)

-

10.2 (0.2)

-

8.0 (0.3)

-

11.5 (0.7)

 

FeNO (ppb): GM (Gsd)

-

14.7 (2.0)

-

10.2 (2.0)

-

12.4 (2.3)

 

Asthma (4 to 10 years old*): n (%)

9 (8.9)

10 (6.1)

20 (14.5)

19 (10.6)

33 (10.3)

41 (10.8)

 

Atopy (sIgE ≥0.35U/mL) a : n (%)

8 (53.3)

80 (47.6)

45 (43.3)

71 (36.8)

7 (14.3)

36 (16.1)

 

Reported allergies (4 to 10 years old*): n (%) bd

50 (39.4)

46 (27.1)

64 (41.6)

86 (39.8)

41 (51.3)

117 (33.9)

 

Parental education: n (%) d

      
  

Secondary school

38 (18.4)

20 (11.4)

98 (37.3)

80 (33.3)

38 (31.7)

130 (38.4)

  

Higher than secondary school

159 (76.8)

148 (84.6)

131 (49.8)

140 (58.3)

12 (10.0)

67 (19.8)

 

Parental asthma: n (%)

25 (12.3)

21 (11.9)

93 (30.8)

84 (35.0)

17 (14.1)

34 (9.6)

 

Parental smoking at the age of 10 years*: n (%)

9 (8.7)

11 (6.4)

9 (6.1)

10 (5.0)

28 (45.2)

115 (35.8)

Indoor exposures

      
 

Endotoxin concentrations (EU/mg): GM (Gsd)

22.6 (2.5)

23.5 (2.4)

23.2 (3.7)

20.6 (3.2)

4.0 (6.3)

3.1 (6.4)

 

EPS concentrations (U/mg): GM (Gsd)

46.6 (2.5)

48.4 (2.1)

29.1 (2.8)

32.9 (3.5)

119.9 (2.7)

116.4 (2.5)

 

Glucan concentrations (ug/mg): GM (Gsd)

1.9 (1.7)

2.0 (1.7)

1.6 (2.1)

1.8 (2.4)

-

-

 

Dampness at home (first 2 years of life) c

74 (35.1)

62 (34.3)

159 (64.9)

121 (54.8)

72 (57.6)

221 (63.3)

 

Cat ownership: n (%) c

      
  

Ever during the first 2 years of life

25 (20.2)

23 (13.8)

79 (42)

59 (27.2)

15 (20.3)

68 (19.3)

  

Ever after the first 2 years of life

17 (13.7)

26 (15.6)

12 (6.4)

19 (8.8)

10 (13.5)

30 (8.5)

 

Dog ownership: n (%) bcd

      
  

Ever during the first 2 years of life

16 (13.5)

8 (5.0)

51 (28.5)

31 (14.5)

45 (47.9)

143 (40.9)

  

Ever after the first 2 years of life

16 (13.5)

16 (10.1)

32 (17.9)

16 (7.5)

19 (20.2)

45 (12.9)

  1. sd: standard deviation; GM: geometric mean; Gsd: geometric standard deviation; FeNO: fractional exhaled nitric oxide; Reported allergies: eczema, rhinitis or hay fever.
  2. *8 years in PIAMA; aLISA n not included = 15 and n included = 168, PIAMA n not included = 104 and n included = 193, INMA n not included = 49 and n included = 224; bp-value < 0.05 of the difference between included and not included in LISA; cp-value < 0.05 of the difference between included and not included in PIAMA; dp-value < 0.05 of the difference between included and not included in INMA.