|  |  | LISA | PIAMA | INMA | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | Not included | Included | Not included | Included | Not included | Included |
 |  |  | n = 213 | n = 182 | n = 309 | n = 244 | n = 126 | n = 355 |
Population characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
 | Sex (female): n(%) | 104 (48.8) | 76 (41.8) | 139 (45) | 127 (52.1) | 57 (45.2) | 177 (49.9) | |
 | Age at FeNO measurement (years): mean (sd) | - | 10.2 (0.2) | - | 8.0 (0.3) | - | 11.5 (0.7) | |
 | FeNO (ppb): GM (Gsd) | - | 14.7 (2.0) | - | 10.2 (2.0) | - | 12.4 (2.3) | |
 | Asthma (4 to 10 years old*): n (%) | 9 (8.9) | 10 (6.1) | 20 (14.5) | 19 (10.6) | 33 (10.3) | 41 (10.8) | |
 | Atopy (sIgE ≥0.35U/mL) a : n (%) | 8 (53.3) | 80 (47.6) | 45 (43.3) | 71 (36.8) | 7 (14.3) | 36 (16.1) | |
 | Reported allergies (4 to 10 years old*): n (%) bd | 50 (39.4) | 46 (27.1) | 64 (41.6) | 86 (39.8) | 41 (51.3) | 117 (33.9) | |
 | Parental education: n (%) d |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
 |  | Secondary school | 38 (18.4) | 20 (11.4) | 98 (37.3) | 80 (33.3) | 38 (31.7) | 130 (38.4) |
 |  | Higher than secondary school | 159 (76.8) | 148 (84.6) | 131 (49.8) | 140 (58.3) | 12 (10.0) | 67 (19.8) |
 | Parental asthma: n (%) | 25 (12.3) | 21 (11.9) | 93 (30.8) | 84 (35.0) | 17 (14.1) | 34 (9.6) | |
 | Parental smoking at the age of 10 years*: n (%) | 9 (8.7) | 11 (6.4) | 9 (6.1) | 10 (5.0) | 28 (45.2) | 115 (35.8) | |
Indoor exposures | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
 | Endotoxin concentrations (EU/mg): GM (Gsd) | 22.6 (2.5) | 23.5 (2.4) | 23.2 (3.7) | 20.6 (3.2) | 4.0 (6.3) | 3.1 (6.4) | |
 | EPS concentrations (U/mg): GM (Gsd) | 46.6 (2.5) | 48.4 (2.1) | 29.1 (2.8) | 32.9 (3.5) | 119.9 (2.7) | 116.4 (2.5) | |
 | Glucan concentrations (ug/mg): GM (Gsd) | 1.9 (1.7) | 2.0 (1.7) | 1.6 (2.1) | 1.8 (2.4) | - | - | |
 | Dampness at home (first 2 years of life) c | 74 (35.1) | 62 (34.3) | 159 (64.9) | 121 (54.8) | 72 (57.6) | 221 (63.3) | |
 | Cat ownership: n (%) c |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
 |  | Ever during the first 2 years of life | 25 (20.2) | 23 (13.8) | 79 (42) | 59 (27.2) | 15 (20.3) | 68 (19.3) |
 |  | Ever after the first 2 years of life | 17 (13.7) | 26 (15.6) | 12 (6.4) | 19 (8.8) | 10 (13.5) | 30 (8.5) |
 | Dog ownership: n (%) bcd |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
 |  | Ever during the first 2 years of life | 16 (13.5) | 8 (5.0) | 51 (28.5) | 31 (14.5) | 45 (47.9) | 143 (40.9) |
 |  | Ever after the first 2 years of life | 16 (13.5) | 16 (10.1) | 32 (17.9) | 16 (7.5) | 19 (20.2) | 45 (12.9) |