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Table 3 FeNO adjusted associations with natural-log-transformed microbial agent concentrations, reported home dampness and pet ownership

From: Early life microbial exposure and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in school-age children: a prospective birth cohort study

   

Combined (random effects)

 

LISA

PIAMA

INMA

Total

Not reported allergies

Reported allergies

 

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

Microbial agents concentrations

     

 Endotoxin (log(EU/mg))

0.01 (-0.11; 0.13)

-0.08 (-0.17; 0.01)

-0.06 (-0.11; 0.00)

-0.05 (-0.10; -0.01)

-0.06 (-0.11; -0.01)

-0.06 (-0.14; 0.03)

 EPS (log(U/mg))

-0.03 (-0.16; 0.11)

0.02 (-0.07; 0.11)

0.06 (-0.05; 0.17)

0.02 (-0.04; 0.08)

0.07 (0.00; 0.15)

0.08 (-0.05; 0.20)

 Glucan (log(μg/mg))

-0.07 (-0.28; 0.15)

0.02 (-0.10; 0.13)

-

0.00 (-0.10; 0.10)

0.00 (-0.21; 0.21)

0.04 (-0.15; 0.24)

 

GM ratio (95%CI)

GM ratio (95%CI)

GM ratio (95%CI)

GM ratio (95%CI)

GM ratio (95%CI)

GM ratio (95%CI)

Dampness at home

     

 Never

1

1

1

1

1

1

 Ever during the first 2 years of life

1.01 (0.80-1.26)

0.89 (0.73-1.1)

1.03 (0.85-1.24)

0.97 (0.87-1.10)

0.93 (0.81-1.06)

1.14 (0.8-1.63)

Cat ownership

     

 Never

1

1

1

1

1

1

 Ever during the first 2 years of life

0.97 (0.71-1.33)

0.89 (0.70-1.13)

0.83 (0.65-1.06)

0.89 (0.76-1.03)

0.98 (0.78-1.22)

0.72 (0.51-1.04)

 Ever after the first 2 years of life

0.87 (0.64-1.19)

0.96 (0.65-1.43)

1.22 (0.88-1.69)

1.01 (0.82-1.24)

1.11 (0.90-1.37)

0.83 (0.52-1.32)

Dog ownership

     

 Never

1

1

1

1

1

1

 Ever during the first 2 years of life

1.04 (0.65-1.68)

0.89 (0.66-1.20)

0.75 (0.62-0.92)

0.82 (0.70-0.96)

0.88 (0.74-1.04)

0.69 (0.51-0.94)

 Ever after the first 2 years of life

0.83 (0.57-1.21)

1.18 (0.80-1.76)

1.00 (0.75-1.33)

0.99 (0.81-1.21)

1.02 (0.82-1.27)

1.28 (0.5-3.29)

  1. Adjusted for sex, age of FeNO measurement, asthma, reported allergies, parental smoking at the moment of the FeNO measurement, and parental education. Models including endotoxin, EPS and glucan measurements were additionally adjusted for season of dust sampling. Models stratified by reported allergies were not adjusted for reported allergies. All the heterogeneity tests were not significant (p-values ≥ 0.05).