Table 2 Arsenic metabolite proportions by participant characteristics

Overall

3,663

7.9 (5.6, 11.0)

13.9 (10.8, 17.5)

77.8 (72.0, 82.7)

Sex

  Female

2,157 (58. 9)

7.0 (5.0, 10.0)

13.0 (10.0, 16.0)

79.7 (74.7, 84.1)

  Male

1,506 (41.1)

9.4 (6.7, 12.9)

<0.001

15.7 (12.4, 19.4)

<0.001

74.5 (67.9, 80.0)

<0.001

Age

  < 55 years

1,836 (50.1)

8.5 (6.0, 11.5)

13.9 (10.8, 17.6)

77.3 (71.7, 82.2)

  ≥ 55 and < 65 years

1,190 (32.5)

7.6 (5.4, 10.5)

13.6 (10.7, 17.3)

78.6 (72.4, 83.3)

  ≥ 65 years

637 (17.4)

7.1 (5.0, 9.7)

<0.001

14.6 (11.2, 17.8)

0.03

78.2 (72.4, 82.7)

0.005

BMI

  < 25 kg/m²

557 (15.2)

9.1 (6.2, 12.4)

16.7 (13.2, 20.3)

74.4 (67.3, 79.6)

  ≥25 and < 30 kg/m²

1,236 (33.7)

8.4 (5.8, 11.5)

15.0 (11.6, 18.5)

76.3 (70.5, 81.3)

  ≥30 and < 35 kg/m²

1,057 (28.9)

7.5 (5.5, 10.5)

13.3 (10.5, 16.5)

78.9 (73.3, 83.3)

  ≥35 kg/m²

813 (22.2)

7.1 (5.2, 9.8)

<0.001

11.9 (9.1, 14.8)

<0.001

80.8 (75.9, 85.3)

<0.001

Study center

  Arizona

1,281 (35.0)

8.6 (6.1, 11.5)

13.3 (10.4, 16.4)

78.1 (72.6, 82.5)

  Oklahoma

1,141 (31.2)

6.6 (4.6, 9.3)

13.4 (10.2, 16.7)

79.6 (74.0, 84.3)

  North or South Dakota

1,241 (33.9)

8.4 (6.1, 11.7)

<0.001

15.3 (11.9, 19.2)

<0.001

75.9 (69.6, 81.1)

<0.001

Smoking status

  Never

1,177 (32.1)

7.4 (5.3, 10.1)

13.3 (10.1, 16.3)

79.0 (73.9, 83.5)

  Former

1,240 (33.9)

7.6 (5.4, 10.5)

13.6 (10.8, 17.1)

78.4 (72.8, 83.2)

  Current

1,246 (34.0)

9.0 (6.1, 12.2)

<0.001

15.2 (11.6, 19.0)

<0.001

75.8 (69.2, 81.3)

<0.001

Drinking status

  Never

575 (15.7)

7.1 (5.2, 9.8)

13.5 (10.6, 16.6)

79.2 (73.6, 83.3)

  Former

1,517 (41.4)

7.6 (5.4, 10.8)

13.9 (10.8, 17.3)

78.1 (72.4, 83.0)

  Current

1,571 (42.9)

8.4 (5.9, 11.7)

<0.001

14.2 (10.8, 18.0)

0.008

77.0 (70.8, 82.2)

<0.001

High school completion

  Yes

1,793 (47.5)

7.7 (5.5, 10.8)

13.9 (10.7, 17.3)

78.0 (72.3, 83.0)

  No

1,924 (52.5)

8.3 (5.7, 11.2)

0.002

13.9 (10.8, 17.7)

0.28

77.6 (71.7, 82.5)

0.03