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Table 2 Characteristics of the study population

From: Blood cadmium is elevated in iron deficient U.S. children: a cross-sectional study

 

N (%)

Gender (F)

2502 (47.9%)

Age (years)

 

3-5

538 (10.3%)

6-11

1429 (27.4%)

12-15

1695 (32.5%)

16-19

1562 (29.9%)

Race/ethnicity

 

Mexican American

1791 (34.3%)

Other Hispanic

243 (4.7%)

Non-Hispanic Black

1582 (30.3%)

Other/Multi Racial

213 (4.1%)

Non-Hispanic White

1395 (26.7%)

Poverty Index Ratio (PIR)

 

<1.00 (below poverty level)

1739 (33.3%)

1.00-1.80 (low income)

1260 (24.1%)

1.81-3.53 (middle income)

1220 (23.4%)

3.54-5.00 (high income)

1005 (19.2%)

Serum cotinine (ng/mL)

 

>10 (likely smoker)

428 (8.2%)

1-10 (high SHS exposure)

714 (13.7%)

<1 (no/low SHS exposure)

4082 (78.1%)