From: Residential proximity to major roads and adverse birth outcomes: a hospital-based study
 | PTB* | Term LBW* | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | OR (95% CI) | AP (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | AP (95% CI) |
Individual SEP or personal characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Household occupation†|  |  |  |  |
  Professional workers | 1.6 (0.8, 3.2) | - | 1.4 (0.6, 3.3) | - |
  Employees | 1.5 (1.2, 1.9) | 0 (−0.6, 0.6) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.5) | −0.2 (−1.2, 0.7) |
  Self-employed/Part-time workers/Unemployed | 1.6 (0.7, 3.5) | 0.2 (−0.6, 1.0) | 3.1 (1.2, 8.2) | 0.4 (−0.3, 1.1) |
Maternal smoking†|  |  |  |  |
  Never smoked | 1.6 (1.3, 2.0) | - | 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) | - |
  Ex- or current-smoker | 0.8 (0.3, 1.8) | −0.5 (−1.6, 0.7) | 2.4 (1.0, 6.2) | 0.5 (0, 1.0) |
Maternal alcohol drinking†|  |  |  |  |
  Non-drinker | 1.6 (1.3, 1.9) | - | 1.2 (1.0, 1.6) | - |
  Drinker | 1.2 (0.4, 3.3) | −0.2 (−1.3, 1.0) | 0.7 (0.1, 3.3) | −0.8 (−3.6, 1.9) |
Paternal smoking†|  |  |  |  |
  Never smoked | 1.7 (1.3, 2.2) | - | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | - |
  Ex or current-smoker | 1.4 (1.1, 1.9) | −0.1 (−0.6, 0.3) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.8) | −0.1 (−0.9, 0.8) |
Maternal obesity†|  |  |  |  |
  Not obese | 1.6 (1.3, 2.0) | - | 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) | - |
  Obese | 1.3 (0.7, 2.5) | −0.1 (−0.8, 0.6) | 1.6 (0.7, 3.6) | 0.2 (−0.5, 0.9) |
Maternal diabetes†|  |  |  |  |
  No diabetes | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) | - | 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) | - |
  Diabetes | 4.4 (1.9, 10.0) | 0.6 (0.4, 0.9) | 1.4 (0.3, 7.0) | 0 (−1.5, 1.5) |
Maternal hypertension†|  |  |  |  |
  No hypertension | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) | - | 1.3 (1.0, 1.6) | - |
  Hypertension | 2.6 (1.2, 5.4) | 0.4 (0, 0.9) | 0.5 (0.1, 2.5) | −1.1 (−4.2, 2.0) |
Area-level SEP at census regions | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Proportion of professional workers§ |  |  |  |  |
  Q1 (affluent) | 1.9 (1.2, 3.0) | - | 1.4 (0.8, 2.6) | - |
  Q2 (middle) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.2) | −0.2 (−0.8, 0.4) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) | 0 (−0.6, 0.6) |
  Q3 (poor) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.9) | −0.2 (−0.7, 0.4) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) | −0.2 (−1.0, 0.6) |
Proportion of production or transportation workers§ |  |  |  |  |
  Q1 (affluent) | 2.5 (1.4, 4.4) | - | 2.5 (1.1, 5.5) | - |
  Q2 (middle) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.7) | −0.9 (−2.1, 0.2) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | −0.9 (−2.5, 0.7) |
  Q3 (poor) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.2) | −0.3 (−0.9, 0.4) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.6) | −1.1 (−2.9, 0.7) |