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Table 5 Means and standard deviations regarding importance of food characteristics

From: Consumer-perceived risks and choices about pharmaceuticals in the environment: a cross-sectional study

 

All

Gender

 

Age groups

 
  

Females

Males

p

20-39

40-60

p

Taste/Flavor

8.35 (1.83)

8.51 (1.74)

8.18 (1.91)

.026

8.19 (1.80)

8.50 (1.86)

.037

Price

7.93 (2.01)

8.10 (1.89)

7.75 (2.12)

.031

7.87 (1.96)

7.99 (2.06)

.479

Pesticides and/or herbicide free

7.27 (2.33)

7.63 (2.20)

6.90 (2.41)

<.001*

7.02 (2.36)

7.51 (2.28)

.009

Antibiotic and/or hormone free

7.04 (2.41)

7.35 (2.31)

6.73 (2.47)

.001*

6.81 (2.45)

7.27 (2.35)

.020

Country and/or U.S. State of origin

6.90 (2.38)

7.18 (2.31)

6.62 (2.41)

.003*

6.55 (2.31)

7.24 (2.39)

<.001*

Locally grown

6.88 (2.28)

7.17 (2.20)

6.59 (2.32)

.001*

6.54 (2.30)

7.22 (2.21)

<.001*

Convenience (easy to handle and widely available)

6.83 (2.08)

6.94 (2.13)

6.71 (2.03)

.156

6.76 (1.99)

6.89 (2.17)

.426

In-season

6.75 (2.26)

7.03 (2.13)

6.46 (2.35)

.002*

6.47 (2.28)

7.02 (2.20)

.003*

Fair wages for farm workers

6.52 (2.42)

6.71 (2.30)

6.32 (2.52)

.042

6.20 (2.34)

6.82 (2.45)

.001*

Animal welfare certification

6.13 (2.58)

6.60 (2.43)

5.64 (2.64)

<.001*

5.91 (2.42)

6.34 (2.71)

.039

Contribution to climate change

5.71 (2.46)

6.03 (2.34)

5.38 (2.54)

.001*

5.47 (2.39)

5.95 (2.50)

.014

Organic certification

5.59 (2.66)

5.94 (2.68)

5.23 (2.60)

.001*

5.49 (2.53)

5.69 (2.78)

.357

  1. Note. * Significant at Bonferroni corrected level of significance, 0.0042 (0.05/12). Data are sorted in descending order of mean importance ratings. Standard deviations are given in parentheses.