Traffic-related air pollution exposures and changes in heart rate variability in Mexico City: A panel study

Shields, Kyra Naumoff; Cavallari, Jennifer M; Hunt, Megan J Olson; Lazo, Mariana; Molina, Mario; Molina, Luisa; Holguin, Fernando

doi:10.1186/1476-069X-12-7

Environmental Health

Table 4 Results from single-pollutant linear mixed-models: β -values are percent change in the outcome per IQR increase in exposure, controlling for sex, age, smoking status, ethnic origin, time of day, and study day

From: Traffic-related air pollution exposures and changes in heart rate variability in Mexico City: A panel study

			SDNN		HF		LF		LF/HF
	n	IQR	β	p-value	β	p-value	β	p-value	β	p-value
PM_2.5 (μ g/m³)
5-min	3314	9.82	0.97	0.06	2.36	0.08	0.86	0.46	−1.69	0.10
30-min	3140	10.5	1.22	0.19	6.87	0.005^†	2.42	0.23	−4.12	0.01^†
60-min	2939	8.72	1.70	0.08	7.33	0.003^†	3.97	0.04^†	−3.05	0.06
90-min	2733	8.34	1.94	0.07	7.66	0.004^†	5.90	0.007^†	−1.64	0.37
Ozone (ppm)
5-min	4406	65.2	−0.98	0.09	−3.96	0.01^†	−2.03	0.13	2.53	0.04^†
30-min	4118	66.4	−3.12	0.005^†	−8.36	0.003^†	−9.48	<0.0001^†	−0.93	0.66
60-min	3832	73.5	−4.60	0.004^†	−15.20	0.0001^†	−13.22	<0.0001^†	2.22	0.47
90-min	3550	65.0	−5.66	0.0008^†	−16.48	<0.0001^†	−15.45	<0.0001^†	1.47	0.65
CO (ppm)
5-min	4353	7.60	−1.17	0.06	−1.98	0.24	−1.49	0.30	0.01	0.99
30-min	4086	10.2	−4.19	0.0006^†	4.13	0.22	−1.20	0.65	−4.86	0.03^†
60-min	3806	10.5	−3.79	0.008^†	0.95	0.80	−2.17	0.47	−3.12	0.23
90-min	3524	9.35	−2.96	0.04^†	0.38	0.92	−1.59	0.60	−2.09	0.42
CO₂ (ppm)
5-min	4371	96.3	−0.63	0.24	2.86	0.053	1.21	0.34	−1.86	0.10
30-min	4088	106	−3.38	0.001^†	1.23	0.66	−4.44	0.045^†	−5.55	0.003^†
60-min	3802	104	−4.07	0.0005^†	−0.88	0.78	−4.55	0.07	−3.69	0.08
90-min	3520	105	−4.00	0.003^†	−1.61	0.64	−3.54	0.21	−2.15	0.39
Formaldehyde (ppb)
5-min	1784	25.5	0.03	0.94	1.16	0.39	−0.09	0.94	−1.27	0.22
30-min	1663	29.8	−2.55	0.04^†	−6.21	0.07	−6.58	0.03^†	−0.44	0.86
60-min	1519	31.0	−2.95	0.06	−8.03	0.047^†	−3.72	0.32	4.49	0.15
90-min	1379	34.4	−5.53	0.003^†	−12.09	0.01^†	−8.94	0.04^†	3.55	0.35
NO₂ (ppb)
5-min	4406	114	−1.87	0.0004^†	0.75	0.60	−1.61	0.18	−2.56	0.02^†
30-min	4118	137	−3.39	0.0002^†	0.99	0.69	−2.40	0.22	−3.22	0.06
60-min	3832	155	−3.90	0.0007^†	−0.92	0.76	−2.63	0.28	−1.75	0.41
90-min	3550	156	−3.04	0.02^†	−0.84	0.81	−1.96	0.49	−1.21	0.62
NO_x (ppm)
5-min	4406	186	−3.48	<0.0001^†	−0.01	0.995	−2.20	0.15	−2.58	0.06
30-min	4118	240	−4.40	0.0001^†	0.44	0.88	−3.70	0.13	−3.95	0.06
60-min	3832	237	−3.53	0.005^†	−0.78	0.81	−2.71	0.30	−1.81	0.43
90-min	3550	226	−2.94	0.03^†	−1.71	0.62	−2.33	0.41	−0.71	0.77

Sample sizes are the total number of repeated observations across all 16 subjects.

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ISSN: 1476-069X

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