End-stage renal disease and low level exposure to lead, cadmium and mercury; a population-based, prospective nested case-referent study in Sweden

Table 2 Univarite modeling of the association between end-stage renal disease and candidate risk factors

Variable	Number of individuals	OR	95% CI	IQR	OR_IQR	95% CI
Ery-Cd (μg/L)	465	1.17	(0.99, 1.38)	0.37-1.3	1.15	(0.99, 1.34)
Ery-Pb (μg/L)	465	1.010	(1.004, 1.016)	39.8-83.5	1.54	(1.18, 2.00)
Ery-Hg (μg/L)	330	0.86	(0.74, 0.996)	1.53-3.5	0.75	(0.56, 0.99)
BMI (kg/m²)	451	1.05	(0.99, 1.11)	23.5-28.1	1.24	(0.97, 1.60)
Diabetes (y/n)	381	13.1	(4.46, 38.7)
Hypertension^a (y/n)	344	1.58	(0.90, 2.76)
Smoking	442
Never-smoker	172	1
Not current smoker (undefined ex-smoker or never-smoker)	49	1.29	(0.33, 5.10)
Ex-smoker	101	1.53	(0.83, 2.82)
Current smoker	120	2.15	(1.16, 3.98)

Detailed legend: Univariate modeling of associations between end-stage renal disease and erythrocyte metal concentrations, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension and smoking at baseline. For continuous variables, ORs are given for both unit increase and for an interquartile range increase.
OR=odds ratio per unit increase. CI=confidence interval. IQR= interquartile range. OR_IQR=odds ratio for an interquartile range increase. BMI=Body Mass Index.
^aHypertension was defined as SBP >140 or DBP > 90 mm Hg, or antihypertensive medication at baseline.