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Table 5 Associations between RF-EMF exposures and ‘Wake up in the night’ (symptom)

From: The relationship between adolescents’ well-being and their wireless phone use: a cross-sectional study

Symptom

Symptom categories (N for unadjusted model/N for adjusted model)

Exposure

Exposure categories (N for unadjusted model/N for adjusted model)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI) for each exposure category

Adjusted OR (95% CI) for each exposure category

Confounders in model

Wake in the night

No, hardly ever (161/157)

Cordless calls >10 minutes weekly

0 (63/61)

1

1

Age*-

1 or 2 weekly (110/107)

1-2 (103/102)

1.04 (0.74, 1.45)

1.10 (0.78, 1.56)

Woken by cellphone*+

3 or 4 weekly (27/26)

3-9 (84/79)

1.07 (0.97, 1.53)

1.05 (0.73, 1.51)

Wireless headset

Most days (32/30)

10-120 ( 80/78)

1.50 (1.05, 2.16)

1.40 (0.96, 2.04)

 

Wake in the night

No, hardly ever (-/168)

Minutes on

0-4 (-/142)

Model invalid

1

Woken by phone**+

1-2 times weekly (-/111)

cordless phone

5-15 (-/99)

1.26 (0.87, 1.81)

Sex + ♀

3+ times weekly (-/57)

daily

16-240 (-/95)

0.82 (0.55, 1.23)

Cold/flu

Wake in the night

No, hardly ever (175/170)

Cellphone calls

0 (276/269 )

1

1

Woken by phone**+

1 or 2 times weekly (112/112)

>10 minutes

1-6 (65/65)

1.70 (1.07, 2.71)

1.58 (0.98, 2.56)

Sex

3 or 4 times weekly (31/30)

weekly

7-35 (12/12)

1.16 (0.47, 2.84)

0.85 (0.30, 2.36)

Cold/flu

Most of the time (35/34)

Wake in the night

No, hardly ever (178/175)

Cellphone headset

No (328/326)

1

1

Woken by phone**+

1 or 2 times weekly (115/115)

Wired (16/16)

0.66 (0.29, 1.50)

0.65 (0.28, 1.49)

Cold/flu

3 or more times weekly (30/30)

Wireless (13/12)

2.24 (1.17, 4.29)

2.42 (1.21, 4.84)

Age

Most nights (34/34)

Sex

Wake in the night

No, hardly ever (71/70)

WiFi at home

No (70/68)

1

1

Woken by phone

1 – 4 times weekly (52/50)

Yes (68/66)

0.65 (0.45-0.63)

0.66 (0.44-0.99)

Age

Most nights (15/14)

Sex

      

Cold/flu

      

Wireless headset

  1. Bold font Sig. p < 0.05; *Sig. p ≤ 0.01; **Sig. p ≤ 0.001; + positive association; - negative association; ♀female; ‘Model invalid’ means it did not meet the criteria outlined in the methods.