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Table 4 Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), underlying cause of death

From: Evaluation of mortality among marines and navy personnel exposed to contaminated drinking water at USMC base Camp Lejeune: a retrospective cohort study

Underlying

Camp Pendleton (reference)

Camp Lejeune

Cause of death

Obs.

Exp.

SMR (95% CI)

Obs.

Exp.

SMR (95% CI)

All causes

9,365

10,922

0.86 (0.84, 0.87)

8,964

10,864

0.83 (0.81, 0.84)

All cancers

1,008

1,296

0.78 (0.73, 0.83)

1,078

1,272

0.85 (0.80, 0.90)

Diseases of primary interest

Kidney cancer

33

37.20

0.89 (0.61, 1.25)

42

36.08

1.16 (0.84, 1.57)

Bladder cancer

14

13.65

1.03 (0.56, 1.72)

11

13.04

0.84 (0.42, 1.51)

Liver* cancer

39

69.21

0.56 (0.40, 0.77)

51

69.20

0.74 (0.55, 0.97)

Esophageal cancer

27

43.33

0.62 (0.41, 0.91)

35

41.34

0.85 (0.59, 1.18)

Hematopoietic cancers

167

215.93

0.77 (0.66, 0.90)

165

211.10

0.78 (0.67, 0.91)

Hodgkin

23

25.86

0.89 (0.56, 1.33)

24

25.03

0.96 (0.61, 1.43)

NHL**

68

87.56

0.78 (0.60, 0.98)

58

85.50

0.68 (0.52, 0.88)

Multiple myeloma

12

16.26

0.74 (0.38, 1.29)

17

16.13

1.05 (0.61, 1.69)

Leukemias

64

86.26

0.74 (0.57, 0.95)

66

84.43

0.78 (0.60, 0.99)

Cervical cancer

2

3.53

0.57 (0.07, 2.05)

5

4.88

1.03 (0.33, 2.39)

Diseases of secondary interest

Pancreatic cancer

44

60.05

0.73 (0.53, 0.98)

57

58.29

0.98 (0.74, 1.27)

Colon cancer

73

93.28

0.78 (0.61, 0.98)

86

92.29

0.93 (0.75, 1.15)

Rectal cancer

16

29.84

0.54 (0.31, 0.87)

24

29.54

0.81 (0.52, 1.21)

Soft tissue cancers

21

27.82

0.75 (0.47, 1.15)

29

27.44

1.06 (0.71, 1.52)

Brain cancer

80

93.36

0.86 (0.68, 1.07)

74

88.95

0.83 (0.65, 1.04)

Laryngeal cancer

13

12.15

1.07 (0.57, 1.83)

6

11.92

0.50 (0.18, 1.10)

Lung*** cancer

216

265.44

0.81 (0.71, 0.93)

237

259.01

0.92 (0.80, 1.04)

Oral cancers****

35

37.64

0.93 (0.65, 1.29)

26

37.38

0.70 (0.45, 1.02)

Breast (female) cancer

7

14.68

0.48 (0.19, 0.98)

10

19.62

0.51 (0.24, 0.94)

Prostate cancer

15

10.68

1.41 (0.79, 2.32)

18

10.41

1.73 (1.02, 2.73)

Liver diseases

233

322.70

0.72 (0.63, 0.82)

191

311.90

0.61 (0.53, 0.71)

Kidney diseases

37

71.72

0.52 (0.37, 0.71)

37

74.54

0.50 (0.35, 0.68)

ALS

27

19.42

1.39 (0.92, 2.02)

21

18.45

1.14 (0.70, 1.74)

Multiple sclerosis

10

14.95

0.67 (0.32, 1.23)

12

14.75

0.81 (0.42, 1.42)

Smoking-related diseases (not known to be related to solvent exposure)

Stomach cancer

29

41.43

0.70 (0.47, 1.01)

35

41.88

0.84 (0.58, 1.16)

Cardiovascular disease†

1,376

1,791

0.77 (0.73, 0.81)

1,390

1,781

0.78 (0.74, 0.82)

COPD

45

55.82

0.81 (0.59, 1.08)

47

53.89

0.87 (0.64, 1.16)

  1. Not evaluated due to small numbers were Parkinson’s disease and male breast cancer.
  2. *Biliary passages, liver and gall bladder **Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  3. ***Trachea, bronchus, and lung ****Oral cavity and Pharynx.
  4. †Includes diseases of the heart and other diseases of the circulatory system.
  5. Camp Lejeune = 154,932; person-years = 4,140,042.
  6. Camp Pendleton = 154,969; person-years = 4,190,132.
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Environmental Health

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