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Table 5 Estimated cumulative mortality percentage change per 1°C decrease in maximum temperature by age and gender groups, in the Republic of Ireland during winter‡ for ages ≥18 years, 1984–2007*

From: The association of cold weather and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the island of Ireland between 1984 and 2007

 

Male and Female

All Ages

18-64 years

65-74 years

75+ years

Male

Female

% Change (95% CI)

% Change (95% CI)

% Change (95% CI)

% Change (95% CI)

% Change (95% CI)

All-cause Mortality§

3.3 (−0.3, 7.0)

5.2 (2.1, 8.3)

7.7 (5.7, 9.7)

6.1 (4.0, 8.2)

6.6 (4.4, 8.8)

CVD∂

3.9 (−1.5, 9.3)

4.8 (0.4, 9.1)

6.3 (3.5, 9.2)

5.6 (2.7, 8.5)

5.5 (2.4, 8.7)

 IHD∂

3.3 (−2.6, 9.3)

4.7 (−0.1, 9.5)

6.4 (3.0, 9.7)

5.3 (2.1, 8.5)

5.4 (1.6, 9.2)

 MI∂

4.0 (−3.1, 11.1)

4.0 (−1.5, 9.6)

6.1 (2.0, 10.2)

4.9 (1.1, 8.8)

5.3 (0.8, 9.9)

Respiratory Disease§

14.4 (1.8, 27.1)

10.8 (2.8, 18.8)

12.9 (8.6, 17.1)

11.6 (6.5, 16.6)

13.6 (8.5, 18.7)

 COPD§

15.0 (−3.6, 33.6)

10.5 (0.04, 20.9)

11.8 (4.5, 19.1)

10.2 (2.9, 17.5)

14.0 (5.0, 23.0)

 Pneumonia§

14.0 (−8.8, 36.6)

9.4 (−5.6, 24.4)

14.4 (8.5, 20.3)

14.2 (6.1, 22.2)

13.5 (6.3, 20.6)

Stroke†

2.6 (−7.3, 12.5)

4.2 (−2.9, 11.3)

5.6 (1.7, 9.4)

3.7 (−1.0, 8.4)

5.9 (2.0, 9.9)

  1. Abbreviations: CI = confidence intervals, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CVD = cardiovascular disease, IHD = ischemic heart disease, MI = myocardial infarction. *Models included mortality data for ages ≥18 years, and were adjusted for Lag0 of maximum temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure averaged over 3 days lag, and day of week. % Change = estimated mortality percentage change per 1°C decrease in weekly mean of maximum temperature. ‡Winter Months = December to February. §Effect modification examined for cumulative change for lags of week 1 to 5; (∂) for cumulative change for lags of week 1 to 4; and (†) for cumulative change for lags of week 1 to 3.