Indoor air pollution exposure from use of indoor stoves and fireplaces in association with breast cancer: a case-control study

White, Alexandra J; Teitelbaum, Susan L; Stellman, Steven D; Beyea, Jan; Steck, Susan E; Mordukhovich, Irina; McCarty, Kathleen M; Ahn, Jiyoung; Rossner, Pavel; Santella, Regina M; Gammon, Marilie D

doi:10.1186/1476-069X-13-108

Environmental Health

Table 1 Case-control participant characteristics, stratified by indoor stove/fireplace use, among Long Island, NY women, LIBCSP 1996-1997

From: Indoor air pollution exposure from use of indoor stoves and fireplaces in association with breast cancer: a case-control study

	Stove/fireplace non-users				Stove/fireplace users
Characteristics	Cases		Controls		Cases		Controls
*Categorical variables*	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Age
<35	20	2.6	19	2.4	18	2.4	26	3.4
35-44	77	10.2	100	12.8	104	13.9	144	18.8
45-54	149	19.7	185	23.7	248	33.2	237	30.9
55-64	191	25.2	221	28.3	181	24.2	181	23.6
65-74	217	28.7	170	21.8	146	19.5	138	18.0
75+	103	13.6	86	11.0	50	6.7	42	5.5
Education
< High school	132	17.6	103	13.2	50	6.7	46	6.0
High school graduate	308	41.0	309	39.7	228	30.6	215	28.0
Some college	158	21.0	185	23.8	201	26.9	228	29.7
College graduate	72	9.6	98	12.6	119	16.0	138	18.0
Post-college education	82	10.9	84	10.8	148	19.8	140	18.3
Religion
Protestant	166	22.0	168	21.6	193	25.8	205	26.7
Catholic	435	57.7	468	60.1	422	56.5	445	57.9
Jewish	134	17.8	128	16.4	124	16.6	108	14.1
None or other	19	2.53	15	1.93	8	1.07	10	1.3
Race
White	691	91.6	695	89.0	717	96.0	728	94.8
Black	47	6.2	64	8.2	21	2.8	20	2.6
Other	16	2.1	22	2.8	9	1.2	20	2.6
Marital status
Never	38	5.0	41	5.3	26	3.5	28	3.7
Ever	718	95.0	740	94.8	721	96.5	740	96.4
Lifetime alcohol intake
Non-drinkers	356	47.0	366	47.0	240	32.1	233	30.4
<15 gram/day	318	42.0	320	41.1	372	49.8	414	54.0
15-30 gram/day	55	7.3	47	6.0	91	12.2	72	9.4
>30 gram/day	28	3.7	46	5.9	44	5.9	48	6.3
Physical activity (hours/week)
0	258	35.7	256	35.1	163	23.5	156	21.6
<0.69	170	23.6	151	20.7	168	24.2	181	25.0
0.7-2.6	153	21.2	169	23.2	178	25.6	197	27.2
≥2.6	141	19.5	154	21.1	186	26.8	190	26.2
Smoking history
Neither active nor passive	108	14.7	110	14.5	58	7.9	72	9.6
Ever passive	228	31.1	270	35.7	254	34.6	224	29.9
Ever active	77	10.5	66	8.7	58	7.9	77	10.3
Both active and passive	320	43.7	311	41.1	364	49.6	377	50.3
Breastfeeding
Never	542	71.6	537	68.8	484	64.8	461	60.0
Ever	215	28.4	244	31.2	263	35.2	307	40.0
Postmenopausal hormone use
Never	573	75.9	592	75.9	520	69.8	562	73.2
Ever	182	24.1	188	24.1	225	30.2	206	26.8
First degree family history
No	579	79.6	668	87.9	584	80.0	648	86.3
Yes	148	20.4	92	12.1	146	20.0	103	13.7
Menopausal status
Premenopausal	179	24.1	206	27.4	292	40.0	295	40.3
Postmenopausal	565	75.9	547	72.6	438	60.0	438	59.8
Age At first birth & parity
Nulliparous	93	12.3	88	11.3	104	13.9	82	10.7
First birth before age 21	107	14.1	127	16.3	90	12.1	101	13.2
First birth between 21- <25	253	33.4	266	34.1	229	30.7	279	36.3
First Birth Between 25- < 29	174	23.0	173	22.2	170	22.8	185	24.1
First birth between 29- < 32	78	10.3	74	9.5	85	11.4	68	8.9
First birth after age 32	52	6.9	53	6.8	68	9.1	53	6.9
*Continuous variables*	*Mean*	SD	*Mean*	SD	*Mean*	SD	*Mean*	SD
Age at menarche	12.6	1.6	12.6	1.7	12.5	1.5	12.6	1.7
Body mass index	27.4	6.0	25.3	7.2	25.7	5.2	26.1	5.7

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ISSN: 1476-069X

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