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Table 5 Hazard ratios for cancer and diabetes in the groups with different urinary findings in women

From: Mortality and causes of deaths of inhabitants with renal dysfunction induced by cadmium exposure of the polluted Jinzu River basin, Toyama, Japan; a 26-year follow-up

Cause of deaths

Control areas

Polluted areas

Pro(-) and Glu(-)

Pro(+) or/and Glu(+)

Pro(-) and Glu(-)

Pro(-) and Glu(+)

Pro(+) and Glu(-)

Pro(+) and Glu(+)

(N=1039)

(N=133)

(N=3184)

(N=398)

(N=136)

(N=267)

D

HR

D

HR

(95% CI)

D

HR

(95% CI)

D

HR

(95% CI)

D

HR

(95% CI)

D

HR

(95% CI)

Malignant neoplasm

97

1.00

17

1.57

(0.94, 2.64)

339

1.03

(0.82, 1.31)

51

1.34

(0.95, 1.90)

21

1.97

(1.21, 3.19)**

26

1.64

(1.05, 2.56)*

  Esophagus

0

1.00

0

-

-

2

-

-

2

-

-

0

-

-

0

-

-

  Stomach

26

1.00

7

2.29

(0.99, 5.34)

77

0.99

(0.62, 1.58)

11

1.12

(0.55, 2.30)

5

1.42

(0.49, 4.09)

5

0.94

(0.35, 2.51)

  Colon, rectum

7

1.00

1

1.14

(0.14, 9.33)

55

2.42

(1.10, 5.34)*

5

1.77

(0.56, 5.59)

0

-

-

6

4.27

(1.39, 13.1)*

  Liver

5

1.00

0

-

-

4

.54

(0.52, 4.54)

2

0.70

(0.08, 6.27)

1

2.59

(0.29, 23.3)

0

-

-

  Gall bladder

7

1.00

1

1.28

(0.16, 10.4)

36

1.44

(0.63, 3.28)

8

3.21

(1.16, 8.90)*

1

1.40

(0.17, 11.4)

1

1.09

(0.13, 9.09)

  Pancreas

12

1.00

2

1.60

(0.35, 7.24)

25

0.60

(0.29, 1.24)

4

0.89

(0.28, 2.82)

3

2.39

(0.66, 8.62)

2

1.03

(0.22, 4.85)

  Lung

17

1.00

2

1.03

(0.24, 4.50)

35

0.50

(0.28, 0.92)*

4

0.56

(0.19, 1.67)

2

1.01

(0.23, 4.38)

3

1.04

(0.29, 3.67)

  Breast

4

1.00

0

-

-

11

0.76

(0.24, 2.44)

1

0.80

(0.09, 7.19)

2

5.73

(1.04, 31.4)*

0

  

  Uterus

5

1.00

1

4.56

(0.41, 50.6)

10

1.15

(0.24, 5.57)

0

  

2

10.5

(1.46, 75.1)*

3

10.8

(1.62, 71.7)*

  Ovary

5

1.00

0

-

-

7

1.17

(0.24, 5.67)

2

2.73

(0.38, 19.6)

0

-

-

0

  

  Bladder

1

1.00

1

6.72

(0.40, 112)

4

1.21

(0.13, 11.2)

0

-

-

0

-

-

0

-

-

  Kidney and urinal tract

1

1.00

0

-

-

3

0.82

(0.08, 8.06)

1

2.61

(0.16, 42.1)

2

19.4

(1.73, 217)*

2

15.5

(1.25, 192)*

  Lymph, blood forming organs

4

1.00

1

2.46

(0.27, 22.0)

20

1.38

(0.46, 4.08)

3

2.10

(0.47, 9.46)

2

5.11

(0.93, 28.1)

2

4.56

(0.79, 26.1)

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

3

1.00

1

2.61

(0.27, 25.2)

14

1.37

(0.39, 4.84)

11

8.58

(2.38, 30.9)***

1

2.70

(0.28, 26.1)

4

6.67

(1.44, 31.0)*

  Diabetes

2

1.00

1

4.11

(0.37, 45.6)

6

0.81

(0.16, 4.09)

11

12.7

(2.80, 57.8)***

1

4.21

(0.38, 46.8)

4

10.0

(1.73, 57.8)**

  1. Pro(+): urinary protein ≥ 10 mg/dL, Pro(-): urinary protein <10 mg/dL, Glu(+): urinary glucose ≥ +/-, Glu(-): urinary glucose negative.
  2. N number of subjects, D number of deaths, HR Hazard ratio, CI confident interval.
  3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with Pro(-) and Glu(-) in controls.
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X