Association between wheeze and selected air pollution sources in an air pollution priority area in South Africa: a cross-sectional study

Table 3 Prevalence of current wheeze amongst the participants (Tembisa and Kempton Park combined) along with crude and adjusted odd ratios

Variable	Total^a	Prevalence (%)	Crude OR (95% CI)^b	p	Adjusted OR (95% CI)^b,c	p
Sex of child
Female	1779	20.8	1		1
Male	1629	15.3	0.69(0.57-0.82)	0.000	0.65 (0.53-0.81)	0.002
Residential area
Kempton Park	1114	21.9	1		1
Tembisa	2290	16.3	0.69 (0.58-8.83)	0.000	0.61 (0.49-0.77)	0.000
Vigorous physical activity per week
Never	980	13.6	1		1
Once or twice per week	1409	20.7	1.66 (1.33-2.08)	0.000	1.59 (1.22-2.07)	0.002
Three or more time a week	979	19.4	1.53 (1.20-1.95)	0.001	1.32 (0.99-1.77)	0.210
Use of paracetamol
Never	716	13.0	1		1
At least once a year	1104	15.5	1.22 (0.93-1.61)		0.91 (0.65-1.26)	0.586
At least once per month	1523	22.5	1.93 (1.51-2.48)	0.000	1.55 (1.14-2.09)	0.004
Frequency of trucks passing near homes on weekdays
Never	560	14.5	1		1
Seldom	1029	19.0	1.38 (1.04-1.83)	0.025	1.24 (0.89-1.74)	0.151
Frequently through the day	580	16.4	1.15 (0.83-1.59)	0.371	0.97 (0.65-1.44)	0.874
Almost the whole day	1203	20.3	1.50 (1.14-1.97)	0.004	1.61 (1.15-2.24)	0.006
Having a cat in and around the house in the past 12 months
No	3129	17.9	1		1
Yes	264	21.6	1.55 (1.23-1.95)	0.000	1.49 (1.13-1.98)	0.005
ETS exposure at school in the past 30 days
No	1446	16.2	1		1
Yes	1169	20.2	1.3 (0.06-1.59)	0.009	1.33 (1.08-1.64)	0.020

^aTotals for each risk factor are different due to difference in missing values.
^bValues that are statistically significant at less than 0.02 for the crude OR and less than 0.05 for the adjusted OR are in bold font.
^cModel adjusted for all the variables in this table.

ISSN: 1476-069X