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Table 1 Social-demographic, health- and perception related factors in our sample

From: Multi-country willingness to pay study on road-traffic environmental health effects: are people willing and able to provide a number?

  

Air pollution

Noise

  

In percentage (%)

Respondents per country

NL

19.8

18.7

 

UK

19.4

19.5

 

DE

20.8

21.0

 

ES

20.2

20.0

 

FI

19.8

20.8

Age group

18 - 24

13.6

13.5

 

25 - 34

21.6

20.8

 

35 - 44

25.0

23.8

 

45 - 54

22.3

22.9

 

55 - 64

17.4

18.9

Gender

Female

51.7

52.8

Environmental concern in general

Low

25.3

26.4

 

Medium

36.4

35.3

 

High

38.3

38.3

Financial position (have you experienced difficulties in the last 12 months to live on your household income?)

No, not a problem at all

24.5

25.6

 

No, not a problem, but have to be careful with expenditures

35.6

34.9

 

Yes, with a slight difficulty

27.1

27.7

 

Yes, with a large difficulty

12.9

11.8

Household net income per month

€1000 or less

22.2

22.8

 

€1001 to €1500

19.4

19.5

 

€1501 to €2000

17.9

17.7

 

€2001 to €3000

21.2

20.1

 

> €3001

19.3

19.8

Awareness about the increased health risks due to air pollution/noise

Yes

66.2

33.0

Severe annoyance by air pollution/noise

Yes

12.9

11.4

Severe concern about the health effects of air pollution/ noise

Yes

22.6

19.9

Constant freight traffic nearby dwelling

Yes

7.9

7.7

Sensitive to road traffic air pollution/noise

Yes

32.5

40.7

Difficulty to relax in a place with air pollution/noise

Yes

55.5

68.0

Confidence in the government to reduce road traffic air pollution/noise

Agree

25.7

22.8

 

Neutral

30.9

33.3

 

Disagree

43.3

43.8

Policy on road traffic air pollution/noise is not aimed at improving the wellbeing of residents

Agree

46.1

41.0

 

Neutral

36.8

39.0

 

Disagree

17.1

20.0

  

Average of all 5 countries

Average years of education

 

14.3

14.1

Average general health score (0 = worst; 100 = best)

 

62.0

61.6