Overall | U.S.A. | South Africa | Ghana | Jamaica | Seychelles | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD (or %) | Mean ± SD (or %) | Mean ± SD (or %) | Mean ± SD (or %) | Mean ± SD (or %) | Mean ± SD (or %) | p-value* | |
Male | N = 74 | N = 10 | N = 15 | N = 10 | N = 24 | N = 15 | |
Age (years) | 34.7 ± 6.0 | 34.8 ± 6.4 | 33.7 ± 6.0 | 36.5 ± 6.4 | 34.5 ± 6.4 | 34.6 ± 5.3 | 0.9 |
Education (years) | 11.2 ± 2.2 | 12.7 ± 1.4 | 10.3 ± 1.9 | 9.2 ± 2.4 | 11.1 ± 1.9 | 12.8 ± 1.7 | <0.0001 |
Weight (kg) | 74.0 ± 17.2 | 89.1 ± 20.2 | 64.1 ± 16.4 | 59.3 ± 6.0 | 75.4 ± 12.9 | 81.2 ± 15.3 | <0.0001 |
Height (cm) | 172.8 ± 7.4 | 171.5 ± 4.3 | 166.4 ± 6.1 | 170.3 ± 6.4 | 177.7 ± 6.5 | 173.9 ± 7.2 | <0.0001 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 24.7 ± 5.4 | 30.4 ± 7.2 | 22.9 ± 4.5 | 20.5 ± 2.2 | 23.9 ± 4.1 | 26.9 ± 4.9 | <0.0001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 83.2 ± 13.5 | 93.5 ± 20.6 | 79.3 ± 12.3 | 74.2 ± 5.4 | 81.8 ± 10.6 | 88.8 ± 11.5 | 0.004 |
Fat Mass (kg) | 20.2 ± 11.1 | 31.5 ± 13.6 | 18.7 ± 9.7 | 10.1 ± 5.7 | 19.4 ± 8.5 | 22.4 ± 10.9 | <0.0001 |
Percent Body Fat (%) | 25.9 ± 9.2 | 34.0 ± 7.8 | 27.7 ± 8.1 | 16.8 ± 8.9 | 24.8 ± 8.2 | 26.4 ± 8.0 | <0.0001 |
Overweight (BMI ≥25) | 40.5 | 70.0 | 26.7 | 10.0 | 37.5 | 60.0 | 0.02 |
Obese (BMI ≥30) | 14.9 | 60.0 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 20.0 | <0.0001 |
Employed | 74.3 | 60.0 | 26.7 | 90.0 | 87.5 | 100.0 | <0.0001 |
Married (or Living as Married) | 51.4 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 90.0 | 37.5 | 66.7 | 0.03 |
Smoking (ever) | 37.8 | 40.0 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 40.0 | 0.02 |
Alcohol (≥12 drinks/year) | 68.9 | 60.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 83.3 | 100.0 | <0.0001 |
Fish Intake (≥1 serving/day) | 55.4 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 80.0 | 62.5 | 86.7 | 0.0001 |
Physical Activity (<21.5 min/day) | 60.8 | 80.0 | 33.3 | 50.0 | 70.8 | 66.7 | 0.09 |
Female | N = 76 | N = 20 | N = 15 | N = 20 | N = 6 | N = 15 | |
Age (years) | 35.2 ± 6.2 | 37.1 ± 5.9 | 33.7 ± 6.8 | 33.2 ± 6.5 | 37.2 ± 4.6 | 36.0 ± 5.8 | 0.2 |
Education (years) | 11.0 ± 4.3 | 14.1 ± 2.4 | 9.7 ± 3.4 | 6.9 ± 3.5 | 10.3 ± 1.8 | 14.0 ± 3.7 | <0.0001 |
Weight (kg) | 74.8 ± 20.5 | 77.7 ± 19.0 | 81.6 ± 24.3 | 67.8 ± 16.1 | 91.2 ± 32.2 | 67.1 ± 12.3 | 0.03 |
Height (cm) | 161.5 ± 7.5 | 164.3 ± 8.8 | 160.1 ± 5.9 | 157.5 ± 7.2 | 165.8 ± 8.3 | 162.8 ± 4.8 | 0.02 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 28.7 ± 7.5 | 28.6 ± 5.3 | 31.9 ± 9.5 | 27.3 ± 6.5 | 33.3 ± 12.1 | 25.4 ± 5.2 | 0.07 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 90.4 ± 14.9 | 90.9 ± 14.7 | 95.7 ± 15.3 | 88.5 ± 13.3 | 101.1 ± 21.2 | 82.6 ± 10.2 | 0.05 |
Fat Mass (kg) | 30.5 ± 13.8 | 32.3 ± 11.5 | 37.7 ± 15.5 | 25.3 ± 12.0 | 39.0 ± 21.7 | 24.6 ± 8.5 | 0.01 |
Percent Body Fat (%) | 39.4 ± 8.7 | 40.9 ± 6.8 | 45.1 ± 6.9 | 35.9 ± 10.3 | 40.4 ± 10.3 | 35.8 ± 6.8 | 0.009 |
Overweight (BMI ≥25) | 57.9 | 50.0 | 80.0 | 45.0 | 83.3 | 53.3 | 0.2 |
Obese (BMI ≥30) | 43.4 | 50.0 | 46.7 | 45.0 | 50.0 | 26.7 | 0.7 |
Employed | 52.6 | 60.0 | 6.7 | 50.0 | 33.3 | 100.0 | <0.0001 |
Married (or Living as Married) | 47.4 | 20.0 | 53.3 | 65.0 | 50.0 | 53.3 | 0.06 |
Smoking (ever) | 15.8 | 40.0 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 6.7 | 0.002 |
Alcohol (≥12 drinks/year) | 42.1 | 55.0 | 20.0 | 35.0 | 66.7 | 46.7 | 0.2 |
Fish Intake (≥1 serving/day) | 51.3 | 40.0 | 13.3 | 75.0 | 33.3 | 80.0 | 0.0002 |
Physical Activity (<21.5 min/day) | 84.2 | 90.0 | 93.3 | 80.0 | 83.3 | 73.3 | 0.6 |