|
Gender
|
|
Male
|
89 (71.2)
|
98 (54.4)
|
2.07 (1.27-3.36) 0.0031*
|
|
Female
|
36 (18.8)
|
82 (45.6)
|
|
Education
|
|
Up to OL
|
92 (73.6)
|
147 (81.7)
|
0.64 (0.37-1.10) 0.1041
|
|
Higher education
|
33 (26.4)
|
33 (18.3)
|
|
Farming
|
|
Yes
|
107 (85.6)
|
118 (65.6)
|
3.12 (1.74-5.61) < 0.0001*
|
|
No
|
18 (14.4)
|
62 (34.4)
|
|
Pesticide application
|
|
Yes
|
86 (68.8)
|
72 (40.0)
|
3.31 (2.04-5.36) <0.0001*
|
|
No
|
39 (31.2)
|
108 (60.0)
|
|
Applying Fertilizer
|
|
Yes
|
95 (76.0)
|
103 (57.2)
|
2.37 (1.43-3.93) < 0.0001*
|
|
No
|
30 (24.0)
|
77 (42.8)
|
|
Drinking well water
|
|
Yes
|
116 (92.8)
|
131 (72.8)
|
4.82 (2.27-10.24) < 0.0001*
|
|
No
|
9 (7.2)
|
49 (27.2)
|
|
History of drinking water from abandoned well
|
|
Yes
|
58 (46.4)
|
20 (11.1)
|
6.93 (3.87-12.40) < 0.0001*
|
|
No
|
67 (53.6)
|
160 (88.9)
|
|
Smoking
|
|
Yes
|
36 (28.8)
|
37 (20.6)
|
1.56 (0.92-2.66) 0.0970
|
|
No
|
89 (71.2)
|
143 (79.4)
|
|
Illicit alcohol
|
|
Yes
|
17 (13.6)
|
21 (11.7)
|
1.19 (0.60-2.36) 0.6150
|
|
No
|
108 (86.4)
|
159 (88.3)
|
|
Betel chewing
|
|
Yes
|
106 (84.8)
|
152 (84.4)
|
1.03 (0.55-1.94)0.9326
|
|
No
|
19 (15.2)
|
28 (15.6)
|
|
Tobacco with betel chewing
|
|
Yes
|
92 (73.6)
|
129 (71.7)
|
1.10 (0.66-1.84) 0.7101
|
|
No
|
33 (26.4)
|
51 (28.3)
|
|
Long term pain killer use
|
|
Yes
|
10 (8.0)
|
15 (8.3)
|
0.96 (0.42-2.20) 0.9169
|
|
No
|
115 (92.0)
|
165 (91.7)
|
|
Family history of death due to CKD
|
|
Yes
|
9 (7.2)
|
13 (7.2)
|
1.00 (0.41- 2.41) 0.9941
|
|
No
|
116 (92.8)
|
167 (92.8)
|
|
Ever used Organophosphate
|
|
Yes
|
54 (43.2)
|
54 (30.0)
|
1.77 (1.10-2.86) 0.0183*
|
|
No
|
71 (56.8)
|
126 (70.0)
|
|
Ever used Paraquat
|
|
Yes
|
64 (51.2)
|
53 (29.4)
|
2.51 (1.56-4.04) 0.0001*
|
|
No
|
61 (48.8)
|
127 (70.6)
|
|
Ever used MCPA
|
|
Yes
|
56 (44.8)
|
56 (31.1)
|
1.80 (1.12-2.88) 0.0152*
|
|
No
|
69 (55.2)
|
124 (68.9)
|
|
Ever used Glyphosate
|
|
Yes
|
82 (65.6)
|
55 (30.6)
|
4.33 (2.66-7.05) <0.0001*
|
|
No
|
43 (34.4)
|
125 (69.4)
|
|
Ever used Bispyribac
|
|
Yes
|
64 (51.2)
|
62 (34.4)
|
2.00 (1.25-3.18) 0.0037*
|
|
No
|
61 (48.8)
|
118 (65.6)
|
|
Ever used Carbofuran
|
|
Yes
|
46 (36.8)
|
51 (28.3)
|
1.47 (0.91-2.40) 0.1192
|
|
No
|
79 (63.2)
|
129 (71.7)
|
|
Ever used Mancozeb
|
|
Yes
|
46 (36.8)
|
51 (28.3)
|
1.94(1.21-3.13) 0.0062*
|
|
No
|
79 (63.2)
|
129 (71.7)
|
