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Table 1 Characteristics and emission data for the 9 study areas

From: Pollutant effects on genotoxic parameters and tumor-associated protein levels in adults: a cross sectional study

Area of interest

Surface (km2)

Number of inhabitants*

Characteristics and sources of pollution

Pesticide use (kg/km2)**

Industrial Emission to air (per year)***

Industrial Emission to surface water (per year)***

Antwerp

81

404,241

Metallurgic industry, large non-ferrous smelter, important highways, huge traffic

13.3

80 kg PAH

 

Antwerp Port

179

64,510

Huge petrochemical industries, chemical and plastic industry, production of pesticides

117

15 kg Cd

15 kg Pb

     

837.5 kg PAH

4.03 kg Cd

     

93,729 kg benzene

4.1 kg pesticides

      

3.2 kg PAH

      

640.9 kg benzene

Fruit area

362

95,829

Apple and pear orchards: more than 10 hectares per km2

617

  

Olen

183

68,068

Large non-ferrous smelter, delineated in function of modelled, calculated immission of at least 0.9 ng lead per m3 from the non-ferrous smelter. Chemical, plastic and automobile industry. Rural areas

34.6

810 kg Pb

88 kg Pb

     

87 kg Cd

39.71 kg Cd

     

4,050 kg benzene

 

Ghent

100

213,025

Metallurgic and automobile industry, intensive traffic

27.7

150 kg Pb

24.7 kg Pb

Waste incinerators

37

56,405

Waste water and waste treatment. Delineated in function of modelled, calculated immission of at least 1.2 mg smoke per m3 from the waste incinerator

80.1

14 kg Cd

48.7 kg Pb

      

1.89 kg PAH

Rural area

1181

153,770

Less than 250 inhabitants per km2. No highways crossing the municipalities. No industries reported in the emission inventory of the Flemish Environmental protection agency.

233

  

Albert canal

711

64,763

Chemical and plastic industries, rural areas, production of electricity

20.8

430 kg benzene

59.5 kg Pb

      

67.36 kg Cd

Ghent Port

202

65,554

Mainly metallurgic industries

99.2

34,500 kg Pb

1,690 kg Pb

     

542.1 kg Cd

 
     

1,823 kg PAH

 
     

225 kg benzene

 

Total

3036

1,186,165

  

35,460 kg Pb

1,925.9 kg Pb

     

658,1 kg Cd

111.1 kg Cd

     

2,740.5 kg PAH

4.1 kg pesticides

     

98,434 kg benzene

5.09 kg PAH

      

640.9 kg benzene

  1. * Based on the number of inhabitants of 1998; ** Belgian ministry of Economic affairs and Institute for Social and Economic Geography, Catholic University of Leuven; *** Emissions of pollutants reported by the emitting companies themselves to the Flemish Environmental Protection Agency http://www.vmm.be.