| | |
1994
|
1998
|
2003
|
Combined estimate*
|
|---|
| | |
n
|
% increase (95% CI)
|
n
|
% increase (95% CI)
|
n
|
% increase (95% CI)
|
n
|
% increase (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
PM10
|
Crude
|
3073
|
-1.79
|
3427
|
-1.32
|
3331
|
8.24
| | |
| | | |
(-5.78, 2.36)
| |
(-5.60, 3.15)
| |
(2.95, 13.81)
| | |
| |
Adjusted
|
2823
|
1.46
|
3034
|
0.16
|
2913
|
9.22
|
8770
|
2.88
|
| | | |
(-3.55, 6.73)
| |
(-6.10, 6.84)
| |
(1.72, 17.26)
| |
(-0.64, 6.51)
|
|
NO2
|
Crude
|
3073
|
-0.54
|
3427
|
-0.18
|
3331
|
2.53
| | |
| | | |
(-1.45, 0.37)
| |
(-1.23, 0.88)
| |
(1.25, 3.82)
| | |
| |
Adjusted
|
2823
|
-0.21
|
3034
|
-0.08
|
2913
|
2.24
|
8770
|
0.37
|
| | | |
(-1.45, 1.04)
| |
(-1.47, 1.33)
| |
(0.47, 4.03)
| |
(-0.45, 1.20)
|
|
SO2
|
Crude
|
3073
|
-1.27
|
3427
|
1.12
|
3343
|
5.09
| | |
| | | |
(-2.83, 0.33)
| |
(-0.75, 3.02)
| |
(0.51, 9.88)
| | |
| |
Adjusted
|
2823
|
-2.33
|
3034
|
0.42
|
2924
|
1.47
|
8781
|
-0.97
|
| | | |
(-4.35, -0.27)
| |
(-1.94, 2.83)
| |
(-4.43, 7.74)
| |
(-2.47, 0.54)
|
|
O3
|
Crude
|
3042
|
0.85
|
3405
|
0.62
|
3313
|
-2.33
| | |
| | | |
(-1.30, 3.03)
| |
(-2.04, 3.35)
| |
(-5.30, 0.74)
| | |
| |
Adjusted
|
2785
|
0.35
|
3012
|
3.45
|
2903
|
-4.12
|
8700
|
0.33
|
| | | |
(-2.64, 3.43)
| |
(-0.50, 7.56)
| |
(-8.55, 0.51)
| |
(-1.79, 2.49)
|
- Estimates are % increase in odds of cardiovascular disease with 1 μg m-3 increase in pollutant concentration
- Adjusted estimates are adjusted for age (10 year age groups), social class of head of household (6 groups), body mass index (quartiles), cigarette smoking (never, ex-, current, and region of residence (8 groups), all as categorical variables
- *Combined estimate is derived from a fixed effects meta-analysis of year-specific estimates using inverse variance weighting.
