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Table 1 Distribution of purpose of having fire and its timing that were observed during the 24 hours indoor NO2 sampling, Butajira, Ethiopia, 2000-2002 (n = 16899)

From: Sources of variation for indoor nitrogen dioxide in rural residences of Ethiopia

Purpose of

Having fire

Morning

# (%)*

Mid-day

# (%)*

Evening

# (%)*

Night

# (%)*

Total

# (%)*

Cooking

15670 (98.9)

14583 (99.1)

16325 (98.8)

934(94.9)

16622 (98.4)

Lighting

668 (4.2)

615 (4.2)

684 (4.1)

95 (9.7)

703 (4.2)

Heating

5529 (34.9)

5185 (35.2)

5718 (34.6)

331 (33.6)

5838 (34.5)

Insect repellent

1945 (12.3)

1527 (10.4)

2009 (12.2)

212 (21.5)

2122 (12.6)

Total use of fire

15836 (93.7)

14714(87.1)

16520 (97.8)

984 (5.8)

16899

  1. *Percentages did not add up 100% due to multiple responses