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Table 7 Linear regression analysis of log(plasma glucose) on 2,4-D and covariates for ages 20-59, NHANES III, 1988-1994.

From: Perturbation of lipids and glucose metabolism associated with previous 2,4-D exposure: a cross-sectional study of NHANES III data, 1988-1994

Independent variables

All available subjects (n = 708)

Susceptible subpopulations

  

HbA1c > 5.1%

T4 ≤ 8.5 μg/dl

  

(n = 344)

(n = 344)

 

Estimate (95% CI)

Estimate (95% CI)

Estimate (95% CI)

Intercept

4.490

4.559

4.605

 

(4.340, 4.639)a

(4.316, 4.801)a

(4.381, 4.829)a

2,4-D, binary

0.009

0.175

0.059

 

(-0.290, 0.308)

(-0.323, 0.674)

(-0.364, 0.481)

Log(HDL) for 2,4-D < LOD

-0.025

-0.037

-0.044

 

(-0.056, 0.007)

(-0.090, 0.016)

(-0.091, 0.003)

Log(HDL) for 2,4-D ≥ LOD

-0.027

-0.080

-0.061

 

(-0.102, 0.047)

(-0.202, 0.042)

(-0.165, 0.043)

Log(urinary creatinine)

-0.003

-0.010

-0.010

 

(-0.014, 0.009)

(-0.028, 0.009)

(-0.028, 0.007)

Gender

0.030

0.022

0.032

 

(0.014, 0.047)a

(-0.005, 0.049)

(0.006, 0.057)c

Age (years)

0.003

0.003

0.002

 

(0.002, 0.003)a

(0.002, 0.004)a

(0.001, 0.003)a

Non-Hispanic Black

-0.017

-0.007

-0.004

 

(-0.036, 0.002)

(-0.038, 0.025)

(-0.033, 0.024)

Mexican American

0.006

0.008

0.004

 

(-0.014, 0.025)

(-0.026, 0.042)

(-0.028, 0.037)

Other ethnicity

0.063

0.046

0.084

 

(0.016, 0.109)b

(-0.023, 0.116)

(0.016, 0.152)c

Past smoker

0.001

-0.011

-0.008

 

(-0.021, 0.022)

(-0.043, 0.022)

(-0.039, 0.023)

Active smoker

-0.005

-0.016

-0.004

 

(-0.023, 0.012)

(-0.044, 0.012)

(-0.030, 0.023)

BMI 25-29 kg/m2

0.024

0.021

0.048

 

(0.006, 0.042)b

(-0.009, 0.050)

(0.021, 0.074)a

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2

0.070

0.066

0.097

 

(0.049, 0.091)a

(0.034, 0.097)a

(0.064, 0.129)a

Alcohol consumption

-0.019

-0.040

-0.013

 

(-0.046, 0.008)

(-0.082, 0.002)

(-0.049, 0.023)

Income ≥ 20K (%)

-0.007

0.004

-0.001

 

(-0.022, 0.010)

(-0.021, 0.029)

(-0.025, 0.024)

Hours of fasting

0.003

0.004

0.001

 

(0.001, 0.004)b

(0.001, 0.006)b

(-0.002, 0.003)

  1. a p ≤ 0.001, b p ≤ 0.01, c p ≤ 0.05
  2. P-values for the interaction term log(HDL)*2,4-D are 0.95 for all subjects, 0.52 for subjects with HbA1c > 5.1%, and 0.77 for subjects with T4 ≤ 8.5 μg/dl.