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Table 3 Distribution between exposure groups and risk of ever experiencing a pregnancy loss in categories of p,p'-DDE exposure in relation to the lowest DDE exposure group.

From: Fetal loss and maternal serum levels of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorbiphenyl (CB-153) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) exposure: a cohort study in Greenland and two European populations

 

p,p'-DDE (ng/g lipid)

 

0-250

250-500

500-1000

1000-1500

>1500

Continuous

(Per 1 log unit)

Greenland

      

Number of women with at least one previous pregnancy

179

121

90

22

17

429

Number of women ever who ever experienced a fetal loss

72

56

51

10

12

201

Number of women with only one previous pregnancy

73

42

26

7

1

149

Number of women experiencing fetal loss in one pregnancy

14

10

9

0

0

33

   Preg adj. odds ratio (95%CI) a

1

1.2 (0.7-1.9)

1.7 (1.0-2.9)

0.8 (0.3-2.2)

1.6 (0.5-5.4)

1.1 (0.9-1.3)

   Adj odds ratio (95%CI) b

1

0.9 (0.4-1.9)

1.3 (0.5-2.9)

0.8 (0.2-3.8)

3.2 (0.6-15.8)

1.0 (0.7-1.3)

   Adj. OR one prev. pregnancy

1

1.8 (0.6-5.2)

4.2 (1.2-14.1)

-

-

1.1 (0.7-1.8)

Kharkiv

      

Number of women with at least one previous pregnancy

4

54

95

33

14

200

Number of women ever who ever experienced a fetal loss

2

12

23

8

5

50

Number of women with only one previous pregnancy

2

30

55

21

10

118

Number of women experiencing fetal loss in one pregnancy

1

5

10

2

3

21

   Preg adj. odds ratio (95%CI) a

-

1 c

1.4 (0.9-2.1)

0.9 (0.5-1.9)

1.8 (0.7-4.2)

1.0 (0.5-1.8)

   Adj odds ratio (95%CI) b

-

1 c

1.2 (0.5-2.8)

0.8 (0.2-2.6)

1.4 (0.3-6.0)

0.8 (0.4-1.5)

   Adj. OR one prev. pregnancy

-

1 c

0.8 (0.2-2.5)

0.4 (0.1-2.2)

1.6 (0.3-9.1)

0.7 (0.3-1.7)

Warsaw

      

Number of women with at least one previous pregnancy

13

23

11

1

1

49

Number of women ever who ever experienced a fetal loss

7

18

8

1

0

34

Number of women with only one previous pregnancy

12

19

9

0

1

41

Number of women experiencing fetal loss in one pregnancy

7

14

6

0

0

27

   Preg adj. odds ratio (95%CI) a

1

3.0 (0.7-13.1)

2.2 (0.4-12.4)

-

-

1.8 (0.7-4.5)

   Adj odds ratio (95%CI) b

1

-

-

-

-

1.0 (0.8-1.3)

   Adj. OR one prev. pregnancy

1

3.5 (0.4-28.8)

3.5 (0.3-43.3)

-

-

2.8 (0.7-10.7)

Combined d

      

Number of women with at least one previous pregnancy

196

198

196

56

32

678

Number of women ever who ever experienced a fetal loss

81

86

82

19

17

285

Number of women with only one previous pregnancy

87

91

90

28

12

308

Number of women experiencing fetal loss in one pregnancy

22

29

25

2

3

81

   Preg adj. odds ratio (95%CI) a

1

1.2 (0.8-1.9)

1.5 (0.9-2.4)

1.0 (0.5;2.2)

1.9 (0.8-4.8)

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

   Adj odds ratio (95%CI) b

1

1.0 (0.6-1.7)

1.3 (0.7-2.3)

0.9 (0.4-2.2)

2.5 (0.9-6.6)

1.0 (0.8-1.3)

   Adj. OR one prev. pregnancy

1

1.4 (0.7-2.9)

1.6 (0.7-3.7)

0.5 (0.1-2.3)

1.7 (0.3-8.1)

1.1 (0.8-1.6)

  1. a Adjusted for number of previous pregnancies. b Adjusted for age, number of previous pregnancies, smoking, alcohol consumption, urogenital diseases, urogenital infections, chronic diseases, body mass index and two or more previous induced abortions. c Due to the low number of individuals in the lowest strata in Kharkiv, the two lowest strata is combined as a reference in the analysis stratified on country. d Calculated odds ratios are all adjusted for country.
  2. "-" refers to missing results due too low number of individuals in the strata to perform the desired analyses