Figure 4From: Combinations of physiologic estrogens with xenoestrogens alter calcium and kinase responses, prolactin release, and membrane estrogen receptor trafficking in rat pituitary cells Changes in pERK levels elicited by physiologic estrogens (PE) and xenoestrogens (XE), alone and in combination. The levels of activated ERKs (pERK) were measured in cells treated with (A-C) 10 pM of the physiologic estrogens (E2, E1, or E3 ) alone or in combinations with 10 pM of different alkylphenols (EP, PP, OP, NP, or BPA), row labeled lo PE - lo XE; (D-F) 1 nM of the physiologic estrogens alone or in combinations with 10 pM of different alkylphenols, row labeled hi PE - lo XE; (G-I) 10 pM of the physiologic estrogens alone or in combinations with 1 nM of different alkylphenols, row labeled lo PE - hi XE; (J-L) 1 nM of the physiologic estrogens alone or in combinations with 1 nM of different alkylphenols, row labeled hi PE - hi XE. * = p < 0.05 compared to vehicle (V) control cells. # = p < 0.05 compared to E2, E1, or E3 alone.Back to article page