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Table 4 Percent change (pre/post-cycling) in endpoints per exposure scenario (road test or clean room)

From: Subclinical responses in healthy cyclists briefly exposed to traffic-related air pollution: an intervention study

Endpoint Road test Clean room p-value for interaction
  Percent change (95%CI) p-value Percent change (95%CI) p-value Exposure scenario* UFP† PM2.5 ‡
Exhaled NO, -4.4% (-8.3% to -0.37%) 0.04 -1.3% (-6.5% to 4.1%) 0.63 0.38 0.63 0.50
PFA closure time 6.5% (-1.0% to 14.5%) 0.10 5.1% (-1.0% to 11.6%) 0.11 0.76 0.60 0.59
Plasma IL-6 17.4% (-6.7% to 47.9%) 0.18 -2.9% (-19.0% to 16.4%) 0.75 0.21 0.38 0.40
Clara cell protein 1.6% (-10.8% to 15.8%) 0.82 -0.27% (-11.7% to 12.7%) 0.97 0.90 0.91 0.80
Blood leukocyte counts 1.3% (-2.0% to 4.6%) 0.44 2.5% (-1.1% to 6.0%) 0.19 0.75 0.97 0.71
Blood neutrophil counts 4.6% (0.48% to 8.7%) 0.04 2.4% (-2.3% to 7.2%) 0.32 0.36 0.35 0.20
Percentage blood neutrophils 3.9% (1.5% to 6.2%) 0.003 0.22% (-1.8% to 2.2%) 0.83 0.004 0.02 0.01
  1. Analysis adjusted for temperature, relative humidity and heart rate
  2. *p-value for the interaction between pre/post-cycling measurements and exposure scenario (road test or clean room)
  3. †p-value for the interaction between pre/post-cycling measurements and UFP concentrations
  4. ‡p-value for the interaction between pre/post-cycling measurements and PM2.5 concentrations
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