Table 5 Relation between agricultural activities and head circumference at birth and SHC status (n = 3159)
Head circumference (cm)a | SHC (n = 102)b | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | N | Number of municipalities | Mean (95% CI) | P-trend | Control | Case | OR (95% CI) | P-trend |
Level of urbanization | ||||||||
Urban | 660 | 7 | 34.9 (34.7-35.1) | 0.04 | 627 | 16 | Ref | 0.06 |
Rural | 2499 | 529 | 34.8 (34.6-35.0) | 2374 | 86 | 1.8 (0.9-3.1) | ||
In rural municipalities | ||||||||
Percentage of area used agriculturally | ||||||||
Low | 1039 | 177 | 35.0(34.7-35.1) | 0.36 | 986 | 39 | Ref | 0.35 |
Medium | 817 | 174 | 34.9 (34.7-35.1) | 772 | 31 | 1.1 (0.6-1.8) | ||
High | 643 | 178 | 34.9 (34.7-35.0) | 616 | 16 | 0.7 (0.3-1.2) | ||
Percentage of area used for corn | ||||||||
Low | 990 | 183 | 35.0 (34.7-35.1) | 0.38 | 939 | 35 | Ref | 0.94 |
Medium | 816 | 172 | 34.9 (34.7-35.1) | 777 | 29 | 1.1 (0.6-1.8) | ||
High | 693 | 174 | 34.9 (34.7-35.0) | 658 | 22 | 1.0 (0.5-1.7) | ||
Percentage of area used for wheat | ||||||||
Low | 769 | 186 | 35.0 (34.8-35.1) | 0.10 | 740 | 21 | Ref | 0.17 |
Medium | 842 | 172 | 35.0 (34.7-35.1) | 794 | 33 | 1.6 (0.8-2.7) | ||
High | 888 | 171 | 34.9 (34.7-35.0) | 840 | 32 | 1.5 (0.8-2.7) | ||
Colza crop | ||||||||
No | 387 | 95 | 35.0 (34.8-35.2) | 0.14 | 372 | 8 | Ref | 0.13 |
Yes | 2112 | 434 | 34.9 (34.7-35.0) | 2002 | 78 | 1.8 (0.8-3.7) | ||
Pea crop | ||||||||
No | 962 | 273 | 35.1 (34.9-35.2) | 0.0002 | 927 | 20 | Ref | 0.004 |
Yes | 1537 | 256 | 34.9 (34.6-35.0) | 1447 | 66 | 2.2 (1.2-3.6) | ||
Potato crop | ||||||||
No | 1340 | 282 | 35.0 (34.7-35.1) | 0.38 | 1274 | 40 | Ref | 0.07 |
Yes | 1159 | 247 | 34.9 (34.7-35.0) | 1100 | 46 | 1.5 (0.9-2.4) | ||
Vegetable crop | ||||||||
No | 904 | 211 | 35.0 (34.8-35.1) | 0.12 | 860 | 27 | Ref | 0.40 |
Yes | 1595 | 318 | 34.9 (34.7-35.0) | 1514 | 59 | 1.2 (0.7-1.9) | ||