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Table 3 Adjusted means ± SE of younger and older allotment gardeners and neighbors, with test statistics.

From: Allotment gardening and health: a comparative survey among allotment gardeners and their neighbors without an allotment

 

Allotment

gardeners

Neighbors

Main effect

allotment

Main effect

age

Interaction age × allotment

Dependent measure [range]

Adj. Mean

± SE

Adj. Mean

± SE

F

p

F

p

F

p

Health

        

Composite z-score

  

4.67

< .04

1.68

.2

10.83

< .01

   < 62 years

-0.06 ± .1

0.06 ± .1

      

   ≥ 62 years

0.15 ± .08

-0.45 ± .15

      

Perceived gen. health [1-5]

  

.84

.36

0.41

.53

2.91

.09

   < 62 years

3.24 ± .11

3.34 ± .12

      

   ≥ 62 years

3.37 ± .1

3.04 ± .17

      

Physical constraints [1-3]

  

3.26

.07

15.7

< .001

11.33

< .01

   < 62 years

1.23 ± .04

1.15 ± .05

      

   ≥ 62 years

1.27 ± .04

1.53 ± .07*

      

Health complaints [0-37]

  

4.01

< .05

0.38

.54

11.07

< .01

   < 62 years

3.38 ± .3

2.93 ± .32

      

   ≥ 62 years

2.04 ± .26*

3.83 ± .45

      

Chronic illnesses [0-5]

  

0.4

.53

0.17

.68

4.4

< .04

   < 62 years

0.64 ± .1

0.48 ± .11

      

   ≥ 62 years

0.45 ± .09

0.76 ± .15

      

GP consults [0-6]

  

5.4

< .03

0.07

.79

1.7

.19

   < 62 years

0.69 ± .15

0.87 ± .17

      

   ≥ 62 years

0.52 ± .13

1.14 ± .23

      

Well-being

        

Composite z-score

  

5.12

< .03

3.94

< .05

12.04

< .01

   < 62 years

-0.24 ± .09

-0.12 ± .1

      

   ≥ 62 years

0.32 ± .08*

-0.26 ± .14

      

Stress [1-6]

  

0.18

.67

21.13

< .001

6.47

< .02

   < 62 years

3.2 ± .14

2.87 ± .15

      

   ≥ 62 years

2.05 ± .12*

2.52 ± .21

      

Life satisfaction [1-3]

  

7.68

< .01

1.15

.29

3.54

< .06

   < 62 years

2.23 ± .06

2.17 ± .07

      

   ≥ 62 years

2.29 ± .06

1.96 ± .09

      

Contacts with friends [1-12]

  

0.49

.49

1.94

.17

5.87

< .02

   < 62 years

6.14 ± .43

7.0 ± .47

      

   ≥ 62 years

8.07 ± .38*

6.2 ± .66

      

Loneliness [0-2]

  

3.85

.05

0.59

.44

5.48

< .02

   < 62 years

0.66 ± .11

0.62 ± .12

      

   ≥ 62 years

0.28 ± .09*

0.8 ± .16

      

Physical activity

        

Physical activity in summer [days p.w.]

  

14.72

< .001

0.13

.72

0.59

.44

   < 62 years

5.61 ± .16

5.07 ± .17

      

   ≥ 62 years

5.82 ± .14

5.0 ± .24

      
  1. Note. Means are adjusted for income, education level, gender, life events, physical activity in winter, and having a garden at home. Means printed in bold differ per row at p < .05; Means of older respondents indicated with * differ per column from means of younger respondents within the same group at p < .05. See Table 1 for sample sizes. Df = 1, 174 for all tests.
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X