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Table 4 Results of the logistic regression models by measured and self-reported exposure for children

From: Association between exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields assessed by dosimetry and acute symptoms in children and adolescents: a population based cross-sectional study

Symptoms

Quartile

Prevalence

N (%)

OR (95% CI)#

Prevalence

N (%)

OR (95% CI)#

Noon

Measured exposure during morning hours

> 5 minutes mobile phone use during morning hours*

Headache

1st

65 (17.6)

1.00

11 (36.7)

2.33 (0.98 -5.54)

 

2nd

58 (15.9)

0.80 (0.52 -1.22)

  
 

3rd

63 (17.3)

1.14 (0.75 -1.73)

  
 

4th

71 (19.2)

1.05 (0.69 -1.62)

  

Irritation

1st

54 (14.6)

1.00

6 (20.0)

0.87 (0.28 -2.68)

 

2nd

51 (14.0)

0.84 (0.53 -1.34)

  
 

3rd

53 (14.5)

0.98 (0.62 -1.56)

  
 

4th

52 (14.1)

0.98 (0.61 -1.57)

  

Nervousness

1st

51 (13.8)

1.00

3 (10.0)

0.44 (0.10 -1.98)

 

2nd

42 (11.5)

1.47 (0.93 -2.32)

  
 

3rd

43 (11.8)

0.67 (0.44 -1.27)

  
 

4th

37 (10.0)

0.75 (0.44 -1.27)

  

Dizziness

1st

25 (6.7)

1.00

2 (6.7)

0.73 (0.16 -3.32)

 

2nd

28 (7.7)

0.71 (0.38 -1.34)

  
 

3rd

36 (9.8)

1.27 (0.71 -2.27)

  
 

4th

27 (7.3)

1.10 (0.60 -2.01)

  

Concentration problems

1st

72 (19.5)

1.00

6 (20.0)

0.84 (0.32 -2.19)

 

2nd

67 (18.4)

0.94 (0.63 -1.40)

  
 

3rd

75 (20.5)

1.02 (0.68 -1.53)

  
 

4th

81 (21.9)

0.86 (0.57 -1.30)

  

Fatigue

1st

117 (31.8)

1.00

12 (40.0)

1.08 (0.50 -2.47)

 

2nd

133 (36.4)

1.24 (0.89 -1.72)

  
 

3rd

145 (39.6)

1.18 (0.84 -1.66)

  
 

4th

128 (34.8)

1.36 (0.96 -1.92)

  

Evening

Measured exposure during afternoon hours

> 5 minutes mobile phone use during afternoon*

Headache

1st

65 (17.2)

1.00

11 (32.4)

1.94 (0.85 -4.42)

 

2nd

66 (18.0)

0.83 (0.54 -1.28)

  
 

3rd

65 (17.6)

0.84 (0.53 -1.33)

  
 

4th

63 (17.1)

0.82 (0.51 -1.30)

  

Irritation

1st

57 (15.4)

1.00

10 (30.3)

1.72 (0.76 -3.93)

 

2nd

56 (15.3)

1.14 (0.73 -1.79)

  
 

3rd

74 (20.1)

1.19 (0.74 -1.91)

  
 

4th

73 (19.8)

1.39 (0.87 -2.24)

  

Nervousness

1st

56 (15.1)

1.00

7 (20.6)

1.30 (0.51 -3.33)

 

2nd

56 (15.3)

1.36 (0.85 -2.18)

  
 

3rd

55 (14.9)

1.36 (0.82 -2.24)

  
 

4th

58 (15.7)

1.57 (0.95 -2.62)

  

Dizziness

1st

31 (8.4)

1.00

5 (15.2)

1.31 (0.42 -3.97)

 

2nd

37 (10.1)

0.81 (0.45 -1.44)

  
 

3rd

30 (8.1)

0.73 (0.39 -1.36)

  
 

4th

34 (9.3)

1.06 (0.58 -1.92)

  

Concentration problems

1st

76 (20.6)

1.00

13 (39.4)

1.44 (0.66 -3.16)

 

2nd

92 (25.2)

1.26 (0.86 -1.86)

  
 

3rd

95 (25.8)

1.20 (0.79 -1.81)

  
 

4th

98 (25.6)

1.55 (1.02 -2.33)

  

Fatigue

1st

211 (57.2)

1.00

18 (54.6)

0.80 (0.38 -1.70)

 

2nd

215 (58.9)

0.95 (0.68 -1.32)

  
 

3rd

226 (61.3)

0.94 (0.66 -1.34)

  
 

4th

216 (59.0)

0.99 (0.69 -1.42)

  
  1. * Reference category: self-reported usage of mobile phone ≤ 5 minutes during the morning or afternoon hours
  2. #OR = Odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% Confidence Interval; Adjusted for age, sex, level of education, study town, environmental worries