From: Environmental and socio-economic determinants of infant mortality in Poland: an ecological study
\( \overline{\mathrm{x}} \) (SD) | Me | Q1–Q3 | Range | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Infant mortality [n/105 live births] | 568 (122) | 565 | 517–616 | 402–766 |
Urbanization | ||||
Urban population [%] | 59 (20.4) | 54 | 46–70 | 23–100 |
Employment structure | ||||
Employment in industry and construction [%] | 30 (8.9) | 31 | 24–37 | 14–57 |
Employment in trade, repair, transportation and gastronomy [%] | 16 (5.6) | 15 | 13–18 | 7–33 |
Employment in finance and real estate [%] | 3 (1.8) | 3 | 2–3 | 1–12 |
Employment in other services [%] | 27 (6.2) | 26 | 22–31 | 16–42 |
Employment in agriculture [%] | 24 (15.8) | 22 | 12–32 | 1–59 |
Hazards in the work environment | ||||
Strenuous working conditions [n/104 of working] | 181 (143.6) | 135 | 80–246 | 14–686 |
Chemical substances [n/104 of working] | 24 (34.9) | 15 | 9–26 | 2–267 |
Fibrosis, including industrial dusts [n/104 of working] | 55 (128.5) | 9 | 5–28 | 0–739 |
Noise [n/104 of working] | 224 (133.6) | 215 | 120–277 | 41–767 |
Vibrations [n/104 of working] | 19 (23.9) | 13 | 8–22 | 2–183 |
Hot microclimates [n/104 of working] | 20 (39.3) | 9 | 4–18 | 1–291 |
Cold microclimates [n/104 of working] | 18 (18.4) | 13 | 4–21 | 2–112 |
Mechanical factors [n/104 of working] | 88 (55.6) | 72 | 48–110 | 21–256 |
Industrial pollution | ||||
Total particle pollution [tonnes/km2] | 1 (1.4) | 0 | 0–1 | 0–9 |
Sulfur dioxide [tonnes/km2] | 6 (10.9) | 1 | 0–4 | 0–46 |
Nitrogen oxides [tonnes/km2] | 3 (5.4) | 1 | 0–2 | 0–23 |
Industrial waste [tonnes/km2] | 1,200 (2,813.6) | 129 | 59–757 | 11–16,507 |
Untreated wastewater [dam3/km2] | 1 (4.9) | 0 | 0 | 0–39 |
Socio-economic situation | ||||
Gross enrollment rate in tertiary education level [%] | 4 (5.9) | 2 | 1–5 | 0–24 |
Industrial production sold [PLN per inhabitant] | 20,439 (12,976) | 16,081 | 11,996–23,711 | 4,178–67,317 |
Average salary [PLN per inhabitant] | 2,757 (387) | 2,655 | 2,482–2,860 | 2,328–4,320 |
Gross domestic product [PLN per inhabitant] | 30,214 (12,871) | 26,148 | 22,777–31,945 | 18,377–98,691 |