Table 2 Study sample characteristics

Total N

44

38

Gestational diabetes

8 (21 %)

4 (13 %)

5, 7

0.58

Parity

3, 1

0.24

 0

23 (56 %)

15 (41 %)

 1

7 (17 %)

13 (35 %)

 2

9 (22 %)

6 (16 %)

 3

2 (5 %)

3 (8 %)

Maternal smoking during pregnancy

5 (18 %)

2 (9 %)

16, 16

0.47

Maternal age (years)^*

32.3 ± 4.9,

29.6 ± 6.3,

1, 0

0.04^*

28.7–35.1

24.5–35.1

Months breastfed in previous pregnancies

3.4 ± 5.8,

6.2 ± 8.8,

14, 8

0.51

0–4.0

0–10.8

Mother’s weight before pregnancy (kg)

68.6 ± 16.7,

68.6 ± 19.7,

5, 8

0.92

56.0–75.7

57.2–71.0

Length of gestation (weeks)^*

39.4 ± 2.9,

38.2 ± 3.0,

6, 7

0.04^*

38.8–41.0

37.6–40.6

Birth weight (g)

3460 ± 680,

3170 ± 770,

5, 7

0.07

3200–3875

2955–3630

Duration of exclusive breastfeeding (months)

2.7 ± 2.1,

2.8 ± 2.1,

5, 4

0.87

0.85–4.0

1.0–4.0

Total duration of breastfeeding (months)

5.8 ± 4.5,

7.1 ± 5.7,

4, 5

0.26

2.0–8.0

3.0–12.0

Age at operation (years)

2.3 ± 1.0,

2.9 ± 2.2,

0, 0

0.53

1.9–2.5

1.2–4.0