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Table 6 Detailed multivariate analysis for self-reported health symptoms in Ogale and Eteo

From: Petroleum contaminated water and health symptoms: a cross-sectional pilot study in a rural Nigerian community

Health symptom

Ogale (n = 100)

Eteo (n = 100)

Crude OR (95 % CI)

Adjusted ORa (95 % CI)

Any symptom

68

56

1.6 (0.9, 3.0)

1.8 (1.0, 3.3)

Irritation*

47

25

2.7 (1.5, 4.8)

2.7 (1.5, 5.1)

 Eye*

21

11

2.2 (0.9, 4.7)

2.5 (1.1, 5.7)

 Throat*

8

1

8.6 (1.1, 70.2)

9.1 (1.1, 75.4)

 Skin*

26

5

6.7 (2.5, 18.2)

6.6 (2.4, 18.2)

 Rash

9

1

9.8 (1.2, 78.8)

NA

 Runny nose

14

10

1.5 (0.6, 3.5)

1.5 (0.6, 3.5)

 Cough

14

7

2.2 (0.8, 5.6)

2.5 (0.9, 6.5)

Gastrointestinal

17

9

2.1(0.9, 4.9)

2.0 (0.8,5.0)

 Stomach pain

15

6

2.8 (1.0, 7.4)

2.7 (1.0, 7.2)

 Diarrhea

2

4

0.5 (0.1, 2.8)

NA

Neurologic*

40

21

2.5 (1.3, 4.7)

2.8 (1.5, 5.5)

 Headache*

36

18

2.6 (1.3, 4.9)

2.7 (1.4, 5.4)

 Sleepiness

7

3

2.4 (0.6, 9.7)

NA

 Dizziness*

10

2

5.4 (1.2, 25.5)

6.3 (1.3, 30.4)

Hematologic*

30

13

2.9 (1.4, 6.0)

3.3 (1.5, 7.0)

 Anemia*

18

4

5.3 (1.7, 16.2)

5.9 (1.9, 18.3)

 Malaria

14

9

1.7 (0.7, 4.0)

1.6 (0.7, 4.0)

General pain

8

11

0.7 (0.3, 1.8)

0.8 (0.3, 2.0)

  1. Abbreviations: OR Odds Ratio, NA Not Applicable, odds ratio was not adjusted due to low event frequency in that category
  2. aGeneral health symptom categories, displayed in boldface, were adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, occupation, and education level. Due to small sample sizes, specific symptoms were adjusted for age, sex and smoking status only
  3. *Adjusted odds ratios are statistically significant at P < 0.05