Table 1 Selected demographic characteristics of incident colon and rectal cancer cases and controls in the Canadian National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System 1994–97
Colon (n = 931) | Rectum (n = 840) | Controls (n = 1360) | ORa | 95 % CI | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | (%) | N | (%) | N | (%) | ||||
Age groups (years) | |||||||||
40 to <50 | 67 | (7.2) | 79 | (9.4) | 137 | (10.1) | |||
50 to <60 | 174 | (18.7) | 179 | (21.3) | 239 | (17.6) | |||
60 to <70 | 445 | (47.9) | 380 | (45.2) | 581 | (45.7) | |||
70≤ | 244 | (26.2) | 202 | (24.1) | 403 | (29.6) | |||
Province of residence | |||||||||
Newfoundland | 42 | (4.5) | 46 | (5.5) | 105 | (7.7) | |||
Prince Edward Island | 20 | (2.2) | 17 | (2.0) | 63 | (4.6) | |||
Nova Scotia | 77 | (8.3) | 71 | (8.5) | 307 | (22.6) | |||
Manitoba | 97 | (10.4) | 85 | (10.1) | 126 | (9.3) | |||
Saskatchewan | 90 | (9.7) | 108 | (12.9) | 120 | (8.8) | |||
Alberta | 283 | (30.4) | 184 | (21.9) | 265 | (19.5) | |||
British Columbia | 322 | (34.6) | 329 | (39.2) | 374 | (27.5) | |||
Use of proxy respondents | |||||||||
None (self) | 579 | (62.2) | 485 | (57.7) | 903 | (66.4) | 1.00 | ||
Other | 352 | (37.8) | 355 | (42.3) | 457 | (33.6) | 1.35 | (1.16, | 1.57) |
Education (total years) | |||||||||
< 9 | 219 | (23.5) | 189 | (22.5) | 308 | (22.7) | 1.00 | ||
9 to 11 | 295 | (31.7) | 273 | (32.5) | 395 | (29.0) | 0.99 | (0.81, | 1.21) |
12 to 14 | 241 | (25.9) | 233 | (27.7) | 350 | (25.7) | 0.80 | (0.64, | 1.00) |
14≤ | 176 | (18.9) | 145 | (17.3) | 307 | (22.6) | 0.61 | (0.48, | 0.77) |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||
Normal: 18.5 to <25 | 251 | (27.0) | 254 | (30.2) | 490 | (36.0) | 1.00 | ||
Underweight: <18.5 | 14 | (1.5) | 6 | (0.7) | 20 | (1.5) | 0.99 | (0.52, | 1.91) |
Overweight: 25 to <30 | 464 | (49.9) | 418 | (49.8) | 641 | (47.1) | 1.44 | (1.22, | 1.70) |
Obese: 30≤ | 202 | (21.7) | 162 | (19.3) | 209 | (15.4) | 1.89 | (1.52, | 2.35) |
Percent change (%) from maximum lifetime weight in kg | |||||||||
Q1: <2.4 | 287 | (30.8) | 233 | (27.7) | 280 | (20.6) | 1.00 | ||
Q2: 2.4 to <4.9 | 226 | (24.3) | 202 | (24.1) | 359 | (26.4) | 0.60 | (0.49, | 0.74) |
Q3: 4.9 to <8.8 | 222 | (23.9) | 202 | (24.1) | 336 | (24.7) | 0.68 | (0.55, | 0.83) |
Q4: 8.8 ≤ | 196 | (21.1) | 203 | (24.2) | 385 | (28.3) | 0.56 | (0.46, | 0.69) |
Cigarette pack-years | |||||||||
Never smokers | 178 | (19.4) | 161 | (19.5) | 302 | (22.6) | 1.00 | ||
< 10 | 145 | (15.8) | 153 | (18.6) | 223 | (16.7) | 1.19 | (0.94, | 1.52) |
10 to <20 | 173 | (18.8) | 136 | (16.5) | 233 | (17.4) | 1.19 | (0.94, | 1.50) |
20 to <30 | 155 | (16.9) | 143 | (17.3) | 214 | (16.0) | 1.38 | (1.08, | 1.75) |
30 to <40 | 107 | (11.6) | 104 | (12.6) | 147 | (11.0) | 1.43 | (1.09, | 1.88) |
40 to <50 | 101 | (11.0) | 79 | (9.6) | 108 | (8.1) | 1.61 | (1.20, | 2.17) |
50 to <60 | 25 | (2.7) | 16 | (1.9) | 53 | (4.0) | 0.86 | (0.55, | 1.36) |
60≤ | 35 | (3.8) | 33 | (4.0) | 56 | (4.2) | 1.29 | (0.86, | 1.94) |
Quartiles of alcohol intake (servings/week) | |||||||||
None | 259 | (27.8) | 227 | (27.0) | 451 | (33.2) | 1.00 | ||
Q1: ≤2.0 | 168 | (18.1) | 145 | (17.3) | 253 | (18.6) | 1.04 | (0.84, | 1.29) |
Q2: >2.0 to ≤6 | 157 | (16.9) | 131 | (15.6) | 247 | (18.2) | 1.03 | (0.82, | 1.28) |
Q3: >6 to ≤14.5 | 186 | (20.0) | 152 | (18.1) | 216 | (15.8) | 1.29 | (1.03, | 1.61) |
Q4: >14.5 | 161 | (17.3) | 185 | (22.0) | 193 | (14.2) | 1.50 | (1.19, | 1.87) |
Quartiles of processed meat intake (servings/week) | |||||||||
Q1: ≤1.4 | 216 | (23.2) | 192 | (22.9) | 427 | (31.4) | 1.00 | ||
Q2: >1.4 to ≤3.5 | 224 | (24.1) | 232 | (27.7) | 368 | (27.1) | 1.32 | (1.08, | 1.61) |
Q3: >3.5 to ≤6.5 | 245 | (26.3) | 212 | (25.2) | 267 | (19.6) | 1.81 | (1.46, | 2.23) |
Q4: >6.5 | 246 | (26.4) | 204 | (24.3) | 298 | (21.9) | 1.49 | (1.21, | 1.83) |
Quartiles of total vegetable intake (servings/week) | |||||||||
Q1: ≤12.5 | 225 | (24.2) | 217 | (25.8) | 343 | (25.2) | 1.00 | ||
Q2: >12.5 to ≤18.4 | 247 | (26.5) | 204 | (24.3) | 338 | (24.9) | 1.05 | (0.86, | 1.29) |
Q3: >18.4 to ≤25.0 | 227 | (24.4) | 215 | (25.6) | 336 | (24.7) | 1.01 | (0.83, | 1.25) |
Q4: >25.0 | 232 | (24.9) | 204 | (24.3) | 343 | (25.2) | 1.03 | (0.83, | 1.26) |
Quartiles of total fruit intake (servings/week) | |||||||||
Q1: ≤4.4 | 229 | (24.6) | 211 | (25.1) | 347 | (25.5) | 1.00 | ||
Q2: >4.4 to ≤8.9 | 236 | (25.4) | 208 | (24.8) | 345 | (25.4) | 0.99 | (0.80, | 1.21) |
Q3: >8.9 to ≤14 | 239 | (26.7) | 218 | (26.0) | 341 | (25.1) | 1.01 | (0.82, | 1.24) |
Q4: >14 | 227 | (24.4) | 203 | (24.2) | 327 | (24.0) | 0.99 | (0.80, | 1.22) |
Quartiles of moderate physical activity (hours/month) | |||||||||
Q1: ≤3.8 | 222 | (23.9) | 204 | (24.3) | 355 | (26.1) | 1.00 | ||
Q2: >3.8 to ≤12.2 | 240 | (25.8) | 206 | (24.5) | 339 | (24.9) | 1.00 | (0.81, | 1.23) |
Q3: >12.2 to ≤25.3 | 244 | (26.2) | 196 | (23.3) | 343 | (25.2) | 0.95 | (0.77, | 1.17) |
Q4: >25.3 | 225 | (24.2) | 234 | (27.9) | 323 | (23.8) | 1.05 | (0.85, | 1.29) |
Quartiles of strenuous physical activity (hours/month) | |||||||||
Q1: 0 | 460 | (49.4) | 397 | (47.3) | 673 | (49.5) | 1.00 | ||
Q2: >0 to ≤1.2 | 151 | (16.2) | 151 | (18.0) | 221 | (16.3) | 0.97 | (0.79, | 1.20) |
Q3: >1.2 to ≤7.3 | 167 | (17.9) | 136 | (16.2) | 230 | (16.9) | 0.96 | (0.78, | 1.18) |
Q4: >7.3 | 153 | (16.4) | 156 | (18.6) | 236 | (17.4) | 0.89 | (0.72, | 1.10) |
Composite index of strenuous and moderate physical activityb (quartiles) | |||||||||
Q1: Least active | 203 | (21.8) | 186 | (22.1) | 340 | (25.0) | 1.00 | ||
Q2 | 257 | (27.6) | 217 | (25.8) | 340 | (25.0) | 1.10 | (0.89, | 1.35) |
Q3 | 221 | (23.7) | 190 | (22.6) | 340 | (25.0) | 0.94 | (0.76, | 1.16) |
Q4: Most active | 250 | (26.9) | 247 | (29.4) | 340 | (25.0) | 1.09 | (0.88, | 1.34) |
Ever exposed to aromatic amines | |||||||||
No | 914 | (98.2) | 830 | (98.8) | 1348 | (99.1) | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 17 | (1.8) | 10 | (1.2) | 12 | (0.9) | 1.71 | (0.84, | 3.45) |
Ever exposed to asbestos | |||||||||
No | 781 | (83.9) | 719 | (85.6) | 1209 | (88.9) | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 150 | (16.1) | 121 | (14.4) | 151 | (11.1) | 1.43 | (1.15, | 1.78) |
Ever exposed to crystalline silica | |||||||||
No | 597 | (35.8) | 293 | (34.9) | 929 | (68.3) | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 334 | (64.1) | 547 | (65.1) | 431 | (31.7) | 1.09 | (0.93, | 1.28) |