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Table 2 Environmental characteristics of women with or without preeclampsia

From: Preeclampsia and toxic metals: a case-control study in Kinshasa, DR Congo

 

Control (N = 88)

Preeclamptic (N = 88)

P #

Residence (zone)a

  

0 · 22

  I

20 (23 %)

16 (18 %)

  II

17 (20 %)

15 (17 %)

  III

11 (13 %)

14 (16 %)

  IV

29 (33 %)

22 (25 %)

  V

10 (11 %)

21 (24 %)

Occupation

  

0 · 049

  0 no paid work

33 (38 %)

46 (52 %)

  1 paid work

55 (62 %)

42 (48 %)

Reported cooking mode

  

0 · 13

  1 biomass fuel

13 (15 %)

21 (24 %)

  2 gas or electricity

75 (85 %)

67 (76 %)

Reported geophagy

  

0 · 62

  0 no

64 (73 %)

60 (68 %)

  1 yes

24 (27 %)

28 (32 %)

Reported activities in vicinity

   

  spray painting

1 (1 %)

7 (8 %)

0 · 06

  welding

5 (6 %)

8 (9 %)

  battery recycling

8 (9 %)

12 (14 %)

0 · 02

  none of these

74 (84 %)

61 (69 %)

  1. Data are counts (%)
  2. # P-values for chi square or Fisher exact tests on frequencies. aZones as defined in Fig. 1. P-value for an additional chi square test with spray painting, welding and battery recycling pooled vs no activities