Public health and chronic low chlordecone exposure in Guadeloupe, Part 1: hazards, exposure-response functions, and exposures

Table 1 Exposure response function (ERF) and main information taken into account for derivation

Effect	Study	Design	Species/sex	Exposure	duration	DAF (−)	BMR or ΔRR	POD	TW (−)	Raw ERF_TW	Absolute ERF_TW	Unit*	Population affected	Dominant source of variability of risk estimated with this ERF
Prostate cancer	A	Case/control	Human/M	Digestive	33 y	na	0.77	6.741	2.12	0.242^#	0.0019	(μg/L_blood)⁻¹	Men > 45 years	IC_{95 %} OR
Developmental cognitive impairment	B	Prospective cohort	Human/M	in utero + post-natal	Gestation + post-natal	Slope factor taken from the study				−0.320	−0.320	(μg/L_cord-blood)⁻¹	Male newborn	Equivalence between 1 QI point and 1 fine motor point at 18 months of age
Liver cancer	C	Experimental	Mouse/FM	Digestive	80 wk.	0.15	0.10	0.048	1.30	2.692	2.692	(mg/kg/d)⁻¹	All	Conversion of ingestion dose to blood concentration
Renal lesions	D	Experimental	Rat/F	Digestive	20 month	0.26	0.10	0.012	na	7.923^#	0.0022	(mg/kg/d)⁻¹	Women	Conversion of ingestion dose to blood concentration

A: Multigner 2010 [11], B: Boucher 2013 [13]; C: NCI 1976 [19]; D: Larson 1979 [7]. DAF: dosimetric adjustment factor for animal to human dose conversion. BMR: benchmark response. ΔRR = RR-1. POD = BMD₁₀-_HED or Δexpo. BMD₁₀-_HED = BMD₁₀ × DAF. Δexpo = average exposure in RR group less average exposure in referent group. TW: time weighted factor (only for cancer effects). ERF: Exposure response function. Raw ERF_TW: ERF resulting from Eq. 1 or 3 and weighted for time if necessary: Raw ERF_TW = BMR/POD × TWF. Absolute ERF is the raw ERF from which background incidence (I₀) was subtracted if necessary (POD derived from relative risk or effect restricted to a part of the population): prostate cancer in men > 45y (I₀ = 0.0079), renal lesions (I₀ = 0.00027). For renal lesions, the background incidence is annual new cases of women with erythematous systemic lupus. Absolute ERF_TW = Raw ERF_TW × I₀. SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus. F = Female. M = male. “na” not appropriate
* Same unit for raw and absolute ERF. The unit of the POD is the inverse of the ERF unit. Cancer ERFs are for lifetime exposure
# Those ERFs must be used together with background incidence rates. For renal lesions, the incidence is for women with erythematous systemic lupus

ISSN: 1476-069X