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Table 3 Associationsa between Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations (Log-transformed, μg/g Creatinine) and Handgrip Strength, Stratified by the 75th Quantile of the Omega-6 to Omega-3 Ratio (n = 391) in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II Study (2012–2015)

From: Association between phthalate exposure and lower handgrip strength in an elderly population: a repeated-measures study

 

MEOHP

MEHHP

MnBP

 

β

95 % CI

p-int

β

95 % CI

p-int

β

95 % CI

p-int

 

Right hand

Omega-6 to omega-3 ratiosb

High

−1.78

−2.64, −0.92

0.0265

−1.58

−2.55, −0.60

0.0821

−1.41

−2.35, −0.47

0.2234

Low

−0.65

−1.11, −0.19

 

−0.68

−1.18, −0.19

 

−0.71

−1.29, −0.14

 
 

Left hand

Omega-6 to omega-3 ratiosb

High

−1.28

−2.15, −0.41

0.1819

−1.18

−2.16, −0.21

0.2731

−1.35

−2.29, −0.41

0.1483

Low

−0.57

−1.02, −0.12

 

−0.56

−1.05, −0.07

 

−0.58

−1.14, −0.01

 
  1. MEOHP mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, MEHHP mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, MnBP mono-n-butyl-phthalate, CI confidence interval, p-int p-value for interaction
  2. aAdjusted for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, monthly income, education level, city of residence, body mass index, and comorbidity status. bOmega-6 to omega-3 ratios above and below the 75th quantile value (8.81) are defined as high and low, respectively