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Table 2 Relation between arsenic exposure and glucose tolerance status

From: Maternal arsenic exposure and gestational diabetes and glucose intolerance in the New Hampshire birth cohort study

  

Glucose Intoleranta

Gestational Diabetes Mellitusa

Combined Glucose Intolerant and GDMb

Arsenic exposure

Non-cases

Cases

OR (95 % CI)

Cases

OR (95 % CI)

Cases

OR (95 % CI)

Water As†

663

79

1.0 (0.9, 1.1)

11

1.1 (1.0, 1.2)*

90

1.0 (0.9, 1.1)

Urinary As†

582

61

1.0 (1.0, 1.1)

9

0.8 (0.3, 2.4)

70

1.0 (1.0, 1.1)

Toenail As‡

616

62

0.9 (0.6, 1.3)

7

4.5 (1.2, 16.6)**

69

0.9 (0.7, 1.3)

  1. aOutcome variable is a 3-level variable (0 = normal, 1 = intolerant, 2 = GDM), modeled using multinomial regression; bcombined glucose intolerance and GDM is modeled with logistic regression using a dichotomous variable (0 = normal or 1 = glucose intolerant and GDM). Models were adjusted for enrollment age, education, smoking during pregnancy, secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain and gestational week of glucose testing. Additional adjustment for urinary creatinine was included in the urinary As model only. †Per 5 μg/L increase in water or urinary As; ‡per 100 % increase in toenail As; *0.1 < p < 0.05; **p <0.05