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Table 4 Associations between use of gas heaters and hospital admission for an acute respiratory infection during the first five years of life

From: Internal living environment and respiratory disease in children: findings from the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal child cohort study

Type of heating used in the household

Incidence per 1000 person-years (95% CI)

Crude HR (95% CI)

Adjusted HRa (95% CI)

All gas heaters

Use gas heater only

75.68 (60.70-93.23)

2.44 (1.92-3.10)

1.64 (1.29-2.09)

Use gas heater as well as other forms of heating

23.92 (20.13-28.20)

0.77 (0.63-0.94)

0.82 (0.68-0.99)

Use other forms of heating only

31.04 (28.66-33.57)

1.00

1.00

Unflued gas heaters

Use unflued gas heater only

74.23 (52.55-101.84)

2.36 (1.66-3.35)

1.48 (1.05-2.09)

Use unflued gas heater as well as other forms of heating

23.73 (18.47-30.03)

0.76 (0.58-0.98)

0.73 (0.57-0.94)

Use other forms of heating only

31.42 (29.21-33.76)

1.00

1.00

  1. aAdjusted for all maternal and child factors as mentioned in Table 3 and environmental factors (household tenure, crowding, household smoking, dampness of the house and mould or mildew in the child’s bedroom)