| <150 m (n = 103) | 150–299 m (n = 158) | 300–999 m (n = 1156) | ≥1000 m (n = 3409) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | Mean (SD) or % | Mean (SD) or % | Mean (SD) or % | Mean (SD) or % |
Age, years, mean (SD)* | 55.9 (13.1) | 58.8 (12.1) | 54.6 (12.1) | 55.5 (13.0) |
Female | 68.0 | 65.2 | 62.0 | 64.1 |
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 33.1 (8.4) | 30.9 (6.7) | 31.6 (7.0) | 31.7 (7.2) |
Highest level of education completed* | ||||
 Less than high school | 34.3 | 20.9 | 15.9 | 20.5 |
 High school/GED | 30.4 | 33.5 | 34.2 | 38.4 |
 College degree/certificate | 24.5 | 22.2 | 29.6 | 26.4 |
 Graduate/professional school | 10.8 | 23.4 | 20.3 | 14.7 |
Household income status* | ||||
 Low | 21.1 | 6.9 | 12.3 | 16.4 |
 Lower-middle | 26.3 | 26.0 | 19.5 | 25.8 |
 Upper-middle | 18.4 | 30.0 | 30.7 | 30.2 |
 High | 34.2 | 37.4 | 37.5 | 27.7 |
Neighborhood SES z-score, mean (SD)a* | 0.6 (6.4) | 1.6 (6.6) | 0.8 (5.1) | −0.8 (4.7) |
Medical Insurance* | ||||
 None | 13.6 | 12.1 | 13.0 | 13.6 |
 Private | 41.8 | 50.3 | 55.5 | 49.6 |
 Public | 27.2 | 20.4 | 17.2 | 22.6 |
 Public and private | 16.5 | 17.2 | 14.4 | 14.2 |
Smoking status | ||||
 Never | 64.1 | 74.7 | 69.3 | 67.5 |
 Former | 15.5 | 15.8 | 19.1 | 19.3 |
 Current | 20.4 | 9.5 | 11.6 | 13.2 |
Physical activityb | ||||
 Poor | 49.5 | 48.7 | 46.3 | 50.4 |
 Intermediate | 27.2 | 31.1 | 34.2 | 30.8 |
 Ideal | 23.3 | 20.3 | 19.5 | 18.8 |
Alcohol consumption, past 12Â months* | 39.0 | 38.5 | 47.3 | 43.7 |
Occupation* | ||||
 Management/professional | 27.2 | 42.4 | 42.2 | 33.7 |
 Service | 25.2 | 23.4 | 22.9 | 25.7 |
 Sales | 18.5 | 15.2 | 16.6 | 17.7 |
 Other | 29.1 | 19.0 | 18.4 | 22.9 |
Hypertension* | 55.9 | 67.7 | 57.6 | 62.3 |
Diabetes | 16.5 | 22.4 | 21.6 | 22.1 |
Hyperlipidemia | 32.4 | 29.5 | 29.4 | 29.3 |
History of CVD, % | 11.7 | 12.7 | 8.6 | 11.0 |
LVMI, g/m2.7, mean (SD)* | 38.9 (14.0) | 35.8 (9.8) | 35.7 (9.4) | 36.4 (12.5) |
LV hypertrophy, %* | 15.5 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 8.6 |
LV end-diastolic diameter, mm, mean (SD) | 49.2 (4.5) | 48.2 (4.3) | 48.6 (4.5) | 48.4 (4.6) |
LV end-systolic diameter, mm, mean (SD) | 30.9 (4.9) | 29.5 (4.6) | 29.8 (4.8) | 29.8 (5.0) |