Table 1 Characteristics of the Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health (CCCEH) placenta and phthalate substudies
From: Maternal urinary phthalates and sex-specific placental mRNA levels in an urban birth cohort
|  | Placenta substudy (N = 180) | Phthalate study (N = 358) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
Female | Male | Female | Male | |
Maternal age (yr) | 26.0 (4.9) | 25.9 (4.5) | 25.4 (4.9) | 25.6 (4.8) |
Gestational age at delivery (wks) | 39.4 (1.6) | 39.4 (1.6) | 39.5 (1.5) | 39.4 (1.5) |
Body mass index at the start of pregnancy | 25.8 (6.8) | 27.3 (7.3) | 26.0 (6.6) | 26.8 (7.6) |
| Â | N (%) | N (%) | ||
Female | Male | Female | Male | |
N | 90 (50) | 90 (50) | 189 (53) | 169 (47) |
Vaginal births | 63 (73) | 56 (67) | 137 (75) | 112 (70) |
Parity | ||||
 0 livebirths | 35 (39) | 39 (44) | 87 (44) | 72 (43) |
 1 livebirths | 39 (44) | 28 (31) | 62 (32) | 54 (32) |
  > 1 livebirths | 15 (17) | 22 (25) | 43 (23) | 43 (25) |
Ethnicity | ||||
 Dominican | 67 (74) | 73 (82) | 130 (69) | 121 (72) |
 African American | 23 (26) | 16 (18) | 59 (31) | 48 (28) |
Education | ||||
  < High school | 4 (4) | 7 (8) | 6 (3) | 10 (6) |
 High school or equivalent exam | 62 (69) | 56 (63) | 140 (74) | 112 (66) |
  > High school | 24 (27) | 26 (29) | 43 (23) | 47 (28) |
Marital status | ||||
 never married | 65 (72) | 50 (56) | 134 (72) | 102 (60) |
 widowed, divorced, separated | 5 (6) | 9 (10) | 8 (4) | 13 (8) |
 married | 20 (22) | 30 (34) | 47 (25) | 54 (32) |
Large for gestational age | 3 (4) | 11 (13) | 13 (7) | 15 (9) |
Gestational diabetes | 6 (7) | 8 (9) | 11 (6) | 12 (7) |