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Table 8 Odds ratio of breast cancer risk associated with serum levels of PFAAs

From: Serum levels of environmental pollutants is a risk factor for breast cancer in Inuit: a case control study

 

Unadjusted

Adjusted

 

Continuous

(ng/ml serum)

Continuous

(ng/ml serum)

1st Tertile

2nd Tertile

3rd Tertile

∑PFAA (OR (95% CI))

1.01

1.01 (1.00; 1.02)

1.00 (reference)

4.7 (1.78; 12.49)

5.29 (2.01; 13.92)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

7/27

33/27

37/27

  p-value

0.008

0.008

 

0.002

0.001

∑PFCA (OR (95% CI))

1.03

1.03 (1.00; 1.06)

1.00 (reference)

2.29 (1.00; 5.21)

2.21 (0.97; 5.21)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

14/27

32/27

31/27

  p-value

0.089

0.089

 

0.049

0.059

PFHpA (OR (95% CI))

11.41

6.98 (0.61; 80.0)

1.00 (reference)

1.13 (0.40; 3.20)

1.52 (0.54; 4.24)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

59/45

14/21

13/17

18/21

  p-value

0.020

0.119

 

0.816

0.425

PFOA (OR (95% CI))

1.26

1.26 (1.01; 1.58)

1.00 (reference)

1.86 (0.80; 4.31)

2.64 (1.17; 5.97)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

14/27

26/27

37/27

  p-value

0.039

0.039

 

0.149

0.019

PFNA (OR (95% CI))

1.07

1.07 (0.98; 1.17)

1.00 (reference)

2.43 (1.07; 5.51)

2.07 (0.90; 4.76)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

14/27

34/27

29/27

  p-value

0.116

0.116

 

0.034

0.086

PFDA (OR (95% CI))

1.17

1.17 (0.97; 1.40)

1.00 (reference)

2.14 (0.94; 4.91)

2.36 (1.04; 5.36)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

14/27

30/27

33/27

  p-value

0.094

0.094

 

0.072

0.041

PFUnA (OR (95% CI))

1.06

1.06 (0.97; 1.15)

1.00 (reference)

2.13 (0.95; 4.81)

2.00 (0.88; 4.53)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

15/27

32/27

30/27

  p-value

0.207

0.207

 

0.068

0.097

PFDoA (OR (95% CI))

1.03

1.03 (1.01; 1.06)

1.00 (reference)

1.67 (0.72; 3.84)

0.93 (0.45; 1.91)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

36/41

19/13

22/27

  p-value

0.447

0.447

 

0.232

0.839

∑PFSA (OR (95% CI))

1.01

1.01 (1.00; 1.02)

1.00 (reference)

3.25 (1.25; 8.45)

5.38 (2.13; 13.54)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

8/27

26/27

43/27

  p-value

0.005

0.005

 

0.016

<0.001

PFHxS (OR (95% CI))

1.16

1.16 (1.02; 1.32)

1.00 (reference)

1.13 (0.48; 2.66)

2.69 (1.23; 5.88)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

16/27

18/27

43/27

  p-value

0.029

0.029

 

0.788

0.013

PFOS (OR (95% CI))

1.02

1.02 (1.01; 1.03)

1.00 (reference)

3.13 (1.20; 8.15)

5.50 (2.19; 13.84)

 n (cases/controls)

81/77

81/77

8/27

25/27

44/27

  p-value

0.005

0.005

 

0.020

<0.001

  1. n: number of observations per group; OR: odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; Unadjusted analysis: Only OR, and not 95% CI, were reported for unadjusted data; Adjusted: adjusted for confounders identified by change in estimate, following confounders were considered age, BMI, cotinine levels, parity, and breastfeeding; Bold text: significant finding, OR significantly different from 1; ∑PFCA: PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA and PFTrA; ∑PFSA: PFHxS, PFOS and PFOSA; ∑PFAA: ∑PFCA + ∑PFSA
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